.

ipRM: igafnI surjIq isMG

    guruU gRMQ sfihb jI dy cfr sO sflf qy ivsLysL:

    pMQ dI syvf ivc iek suafl? kI sWcmuc aj sfnUM ieh kihx df hWk rih cukf hY ik aj asIN Ausy hI ‘sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI’ dI ‘cfr sO sflf sLqfbdI’ mnf rhy hF:- ijs ‘sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI’ dI prm sLuWDqf nUM kfiem rKx vfsqy, iesdy sMpfdk pMjvyN nfnk-gurU arjn pfqsLfh ny apxy srb mhfn-srb AuWqm srIr dI qsIhy BrpUr sLhfdq qF mnjLUr kr leI aqy dy vI idWqI pr iesdI bfxI ivc rMck mfqr vI imlfvt mnjLUr nhIN kIqI.

iesdy Ault, kI aj asIN Ausy hI ‘sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI’ dy dfavydfr aKvfAux vfilaF ny gurduafiraF dy rsqy hI, isWKI dy pRcfr qy pRsfr dy nfm qy (BFvyN sfry nhIN pr bhuqy) rfgI, ZfzI, kQfvfck, BfeI, gRMQI, buDIjIvI, pfTI, DUpIey, syvfdfr, pRbMDk, sLbd cOkI jWiQaF aqy kIrqn drbfr sosfietIaF afid vfly bxky gurbfxI ivcfrDfrf-gurbfxI iPLlfsPLI-gurbfxI jIvn df BrvF mjLfk AuzfAux ivc iek dUjy qoN bfjLI lY jfx vfsqy isr qoN pYrF qIk df jLor lgf rhy hF.

ieWqnf hI nhIN iPLr svf svf tWn dy mgrmWCI aWQrU kyrn ivc vI sB qoN agy hF aqy ro ro ky sMsfr nUM dsxf cfhuMdy hF ik sfzy qoN vWzf isWKI df pRcfrk-drdI aqy hmdrd koeI jMimaf hI nhIN. iesy BfrI icMqf ivc aj sfzIaF gogVF, koTIaF, bYNk bYlyNs, cODrF aqy vjLIrIaF vI inWq vWzy qoN vWzy rUp Dfrn kr rhIaF hn aqy ibnf rok khI vI jf rhIaF hn. iPLr vI khI jf rhy hF ik pqf nhIN ikAuN "nojuafn isWKI qoN dUr jf irhf hY… "isWK pnIrI DWVf DWV piqWq ho rhI hY" vgLYrf vgLYrf.

kox hY mfeI df lfl? ijhVf gurU nUM hfjLr nfjLr jfxky khy ik aj sfzy gurduafry sWcmuc isWKI pRcfr-pRsfr dy kyNdr hn? hF, iesdy Ault jy kr gurU BX-BfvnI ivc kihx vflI gl bx jfvy qF sfry hI kih skFgy ik sfzy gurduafry hI aj sB qoN vWzy ibjLins sYNtr aqy isWK Drm dy vWzy ivkfAU kyNdr hn. aj sfzy gurduafry hI isWK Drm df jldI qoN jldI Bog pfAux vfsqy idn-rfq ieWk kr rhy hn. kI aj sfzIaF sLqfbdIaF vI ikWDry iesy pfsy hI qF nhIN jf rhIaF? pr ieh ieWk kWVvI scfeI hY ik iesy cldI lX ivc sLqfbdIaF df mnfAuxf, isWK Drm dI qbfhI vfsqy iksy vWzy quPLfn pYdf krn qoN GWt nhIN.

kfsL ik ienHF sLqfbdIaF nUM aj asIN iesy scfeI dy GoKx vfsqy hI vrq skIey ijsqoN asIN iek vfr iPLr qoN gurU pfqsLfh dI inWGI god vl vWD skIey .

pMjvyN pfqsLfh gurU arjn sfihb

ipRNMsIpl igafnI surjIq isMG, isK imsLnrI, idWlI

afgmn- gurU arjn pfqsLfh df pRkfsL 15 apRYl sMn 1563 muqfibk 19 vYsfK sMmq 1620 nMU goieMdvfl sfihb ivKy hoieaf. afp cOQy pfqsLfh gurU rfmdfs jI (Aus smyN BfeI jyTf jI) aqy bIbI BfnI jI dy sB qoN Coty aqy qIjy spuqR sn. afpjI dy do vwzy Brfqf ipRQI cMd aqy myhrbfn sn.

bWcpn- afp jIvn dy pihly XfrHF sfl goieMdvfl sfihb hI rhy. afp jI nMU bfxI dI guVHqI apxy nfnF-qIjy pfqfsLfh koloN "doihqf bfxI kf boihQf" vfly afsLIrvfd rfhI pRfpq hoeI. afpjI XfrHF sfl dy sn jdoN qIjy pfqsLfh joqI joq smf gey. gurgWdI dI ijLmyvfrI afp jI dy ipqf gurU rfmdfs jI nMU pRfpq hoeI. gurgWdI pRfpqI AuprMq, cOQy pfqsLfh gurU kf cWk, mOjUdf sRI aMimRqsr ivKy af gey. ieh sQfn qIjy pfqsLfh ny afp KLrIidaf aqy vsfieaf sI.

gurgWdI pRfpqI- pihlI sqMbr sMn 1581 nMU cOQy pfqsLfh goieMdvfl ivKy joqI joq smf gey. AuprMq gurgWdI dI ijLmyvfrI afpjI nMU pRfpq hoeI. cldy af rhy nIXm anusfr gurgWdI sONpxf smyN afp jI nMU pihly pfqsLfh qoN lYky cOQy pfqsLfh qIk dI bfxI df sfrf KLjLfnf pRfpq hoieaf. ies ivc 15 BgqF dI bfxI vI mOjUd sI. BgqF dI bfxI gurU nfnk pfqsLfh ny apxy pRcfr dOiraF smyN afp iekqR kIqI sI. vWzy BRfqf ipRQI cMd ny gurgWdI pRfpqI df BrvF ivroD kIqf pr pfqsLfh azol aqy sLFq icWq rhy, ivroD df AuqWr nhIN idqf. ipRQI cMd nMU afp hI mMUh dI KfxI peI. kuJ ieiqhfskfrF ny ies smy qy dsqfr bMdI df ijLkr kIqf hY ijhVI ik inrol bRfhmxI rsm hY. gurbfxI isDFq nfl iesdf koeI myl nhIN. vYsy vI ieh GWtnf acfnk pMjvyN pfqsLfh nfl hI joVI geI hY. pihlF jF bfd ivc ikWDry vI ajyhf ijLkr nhIN. asl ivc ieh ieWk ieiqhfsk imlfvt hY. gurgWdI pRfpqI smyN XfrHF Bwt vI puWjy hoey sn. AunHF ny gurU drbfr AuWpr akfl purK dI pRqWK bKLisLsL sMbMDI svyXY Aucfrx kIqy ijhVy gurbfxI ivc drj hn.

ipRQIcMd dIaF iGnfAuxIaF hrkqF- cOQy pfqsLfh ny ‘gurU kf cwk’ vsfAux vfsqy vwwKry vwKry ikiqaF dy lokF nMu sdf idqf sI aqy AuQy sLhrI vsoN vfly sfry pRbMD vI krny sn. msMdf rfhIN pRfpq sMgqF dI-kfr Bytf df pRbMD ipRQI cMd pfs hI sI. ‘iKisafxI iblI KMBf nocy’ dy aKfx anusfr, gurgwdI leIy hor jWqnF ‘c Pyl ho jfx AuprMq ipRQI cMd aqI hoCy hiQafrF qy Auqr afieaf. gurU drbfr dI nfkfbMdI krvf idWqI. gurUdr dy rbfbI swqf aqy blvMz nMU AunHF dI lVkI dy afnMd kfrj smyN cuWk cukf ky bfgI kr idWqf. cMUik msMdf nfl iesdI iswDI sFJ sI. msMdf nMU bihkf ky, sMgqF rfhIN Byjy dsvMD qy hwQ sfPL kr lYNdf aqy lMgr Cwkx vfsqy, sMgqF nMU ‘gurU ky lMgr’ ivc Byj dyNdf. AuQy koeI afmdn nf pujx krky lMgr zMg tpfAU sn. iesqrHF gurUdrbfr nMU bdnfm krn dI Aus vloN ieh ieWk iGxfAuxI cfl sI. drasl ajyhy CVjMqr gurUdr dy ivroiDaF vloN inWq rcy jf rhy sn; ipRQI cMd qF gurU pRvfr ivcoN vriqaf jf irhf AunHF df kyvl iek muhrf sI.

Cy kU mhIny bfd jdoN BfeI gurdfs jI afpxy pRcfr dOry qoN vfps pWujy qF sfry hflfq df pqf lWgf. AunHF ny bfbf buWZf, BfeI sfhlo, BfeI pYrf, BfeI jyTf jI afid nfl pUrI ivAuNq bxfky, ipRQI cMd dy ies jfl nMU kWitaf. sWqy blvMz nUM vI apxI krnI Aupr pWCqfvf sI pr rsqf nhIN sI iml irhf. BfeI lWDf propkfrI afid gurisWKF dI syvf Bfvnf sdkf, AunHF ny vI afpxI Bul bKsLvfeI aqy gurU crxF ivc vfps prqy. ieWqny ivroDI hflfqF ivc vI pMjvyN pfqsLfh iblkul sLFq icwq aqy krqy dy sLukrfny ivc rhy. ienHF sfrIaF GtnfvF df ijLkr BwtF ny apxy svXF ivc aqy ‘sWqy blvMz’ ny apxI vfr ivc bVy sulJy ZMg nfl kIqf hY.

aMimRqsr aqy drbfr sfihb dI kfiemI - cOQy pfqsLfh rfhIN arMB ‘gurU df cWk’ vsfAux vfly kMm nMu pfqsLfh ny apxI sMBfl ivc ilaf. mOjUdf ‘aMimRqsr’ srovr dI KudfeI dy kMm ivc qyjLI ilaFdI. sMgqF dI vwD rhI afbfdI aqy AunHF dIaF loVF nMU muWK rKky kuJ dUrI qy bx rhy iek hor srovr sMqoKsr nUM vI pWkf krvfieaf. sMn 1588 ivc ieh dovyN srovr mukml hoey. akqUbr sMn 1588 nMU pfqsLfh ny aMimRqsr (srovr) dy ivWckfr ‘drbfr sfihb’ dI nINh afp rKI. kuJ ieiqhfskfrF ny ieh nINh, gurUdr dy ainMn sLrDflU muslmfn sUPLI PLkIr mIaFmIr qoN rKvfAux dI gl ilKI hY, jo TIk sfbq nhIN huMdI. sMn 1590 ivc ‘drbfr sfihbvflI ieh iemfrq vI mukMml ho geI. bfd ivc aMimRqsr srovr kfrx, ‘gurU kf cWk’ df nfm hI aMimRqsr sLihr pRclq ho igaf.

nF 'drbfr sfihb’ hY ‘svrn mMdr’ nhIN- qIjy pfqsLfh ny isWK Drm df kyNdr kfiem krn vfsqy sMn 1570 ivc ‘gurU kf cwk’ vsfieaf. iehI ‘cWk’ pRPulq hoky ‘srovr’ dy nfm qy pUry sLihr df nfm hI ‘aMimRqsr’ ho igaf. pfqsLfh ny srovr dy ivWckfr ‘drbfr sfihb’ sQfpq kIqf. ivWcly smy ‘drbfr sfihb’ vfsqy sLbd ‘hirmMdr sfihb’ pRclq ho igaf hY. gurbfxI aMdr mnuWKf srIr, sfDsMgq jF iPLr sMpUrn rcnf vfsqy ‘hirmMdr’ sLbd kul 20 vfrI afieaf hY, pr iksy iblizMg vfsqy ikWDry nhIN afieaf.

asl ivc ‘drbfr sfihb’ vfsqy sLbd ‘hirmMdr’ dI vrqoN ivc vI bRfhmxI imlfvt dI bU afAuNdI hY aqy pMQk Koj dI mohqfj hY. AuprMq mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG rfhIN ies Aupr sony df pWqrf JVfAux kfrx, iesnMU ‘svrn mMdr’ jF ‘golzn tYNpl’ vI ikhf jfx lgf. scfeI qF ieh hY ik ieh sfry nfm iesdy isDFqk arQF nfl myl nhIN KFdy. iesdf asl nfm ‘drbfr sfihb’ hI hY.

bRfhmxI mMdrF dy Ault- bRfhmxI pRBfvF aDIn Bfrq mMdrF df dysL hY. ienHF mMdrF ivWc iek krqy nUM Bulfky anykF dyvI-dyvqy aqy afp imWQy BgvfnF dIaF mUrqIaF pUjIaF jFdIaF hn. mMdrF ivc ho rhI byaMq iesLtF-BgvfnF dI pUjf dy Ault, ‘drbfr sfihb’ ivc kyvl ieWk krqy akflpurK dI isPLq slfh hI ho skdI hY. ieQy iksy mUrqI dI sQfpnf, pUjf jF iksy ivakqI ivsLysL dI AusqWq vI sMBv nhIN. mMdrF ivc aKOqI sLUdrF, muslmfnF afid nMU pRvysL df vI hwk nhIN. iesdy Ault ‘drbfr sfihb’ dy cfr drvfjy, aWTF idsLFvF nMU Koly gey hn. ieQy hrieWk mnuWK nUM ibnF ivWqkrf jLfq-Drm-vrx, ieWsqrI-purK, rMg-nsl-dysL sfiraF nUM ieko ijhf sWiqkfr pRfpq hY. sLfied iesy scfeI nUM dbfAux vfsqy ivWcly smyN ivc ‘drbfr sfihb’ dI bjfey iesdy vfsqy ‘hirmMdr sfihb’ nfm pRclq kIqf igaf qfik isWK Drm dy ies kyNdrI sQfn nUM isWK ivcfrDfrf dy Ault, sOKy hI hjLfrhF mMdrF ivc KLlq mlq kIqf jf sky. aj sLfied bhuqf iehI kuJ ho irhf hY. pMQk pWDr qy ieh ivsLf ivsLysL bVf iDafn mNgdf hY.

anMd kfrj aqy sMqfn- pMjvyN pfqsLfh df anMd kfrj 26 sfl dI Aumr ivc 19 jUn sMn 1589 nUM mAu ipMz qihsIl-iPlOr ijLlf jlMDr dy BfeI iksLn cMd dI spuqRI (mfqf) gMgf jI nfl hoieaf. Cy sfl bfd 19 jUn sMn 1595 nUM vzflI sfihb ivKy afpjI dy iekloqy spuqR mhfblLI XoDy (gurU) hirgoibMd sfihb df afgmn hoieaf.

gurU arjn pfqsLfh, nysLn iblzr dy rUp ivc- ies smyN qIk, sKI srvrIey lgBg sfry pMjfb Aupr Cf cuky sn. mflvy qoN bfd mfJf ienHF df gVH sI . drasl ihMdUaF nMU muslmfn bxfAux df sKI sulqfn aqy guWgf pUjf ieh dOvyN bVy sOKy rsqy sn. sKI srvrIaF dy afgUaF nUM jykr sB qoN vWD zr sI qF Auh isWKI dy pRcfr qoN sI. pMjvyN pfqsLfh ny ies gl dI prvfh kIqy ibnF, ienHF dy hI kyNdr ivc ieWk nvF srovr aqy sLihr ‘qrnqfrn’ vsf idWqf. ienHF dy afgU BfeI mMJ smyq anykF ny isWK Drm ivc pRvysL kIqf. ieQy hI gurdyv ny koVHIaF vfsqy hspqfl vI bxvfieaf ijsnMU isWKF ny sMBfilaf hI nhIN. lokF ivc pfxI dI shUlIaq nUM muK rKky pfqsLfh ny anykF KUh aqy bAulLIaF bxvfeIaF. sMn 1592 ivc ‘gurU kI vWzflI’ nyVy ‘Cyhrtf’ KUh lgvfieaf. ajkl Aus ielfky nUM ‘Cyhrtf sfihb’ kihky jfixaf jFdf hY. sMn 1593 gurUdr dy hI ainMn syvk aqy jlMDr dy gvrnr ajLIm KF dI bynqI aqy jgHf Bytf krn qy pfqsLfh ny krqfrpur sfihb (jlMDr) vsfieaf. sMn 1597 ivc afpjI ny ‘goibMd pur’ bfd ivc ‘hirgoibMd pur’ vsfieaf. aMimRqsr ivc lokF dI vsoN vfDy qy hox kfrn iek hor srovr ‘rfmsr’ bxvfieaf. ipMz GukyvflI ivc iek bfgL bxvfieaf aWj iesdf nfm ‘gurU kf bfgL’ hY. AuprMq bfAulI sfihb lfhOr vI bxvfieaf.

lfhOr ivc kfl, cyck df pRkop aqy bfAulI sfihb - sMn 1597 ivc lfhOr ivc iBaMkr kfl pY igaf AuprMq cyck PuWt peI. glIaF bfjLfr lfsLF dy Zyr bxdy gey. gurU pfqsLfh, sMgqF aqy apxy iekloqy zyVH sfl dy spuqR (gurU) hirgoibMd nMU nfl lY ky lokfeI dI syvf vfsqy lfhOr ivc juWt gey. hQIN dvf-dfrU, ibsqWr syvf, KfxpIx df pRbMD, lfsLF df sskfr krdy rhy. cyck CUq dI ibmfrI hY, bflk hrgoibMd vfsqy iesdf mfrU asr ho skdf sI. pfqsLfh ny ieklOqy spuqR dI jfn dI vI pRvfh nhIN kIqI. zwbI bfjLfr lfhOr ivc, gurU rfmdfs jI dy afgmn sQfn qy pfqsLfh ny bfAulI KudvfeI aqy Aus gurduafry dI iblizMg dI AusfrI df kMm cflU krvf idqf. ijsqoN BuKmrI df isLkfr byrujLgfr lokF nMU rujLgfr vI pRfpq hoieaf. cyck kfrx hflfq iewqny Krfb sn ik akbr nMU afp lfhOr afAuxf ipaf. akbr, gurU pfqsLfh rfhIN kIqI jf rhI lokfeI dI ies syvf qoN bhuq pRBfivq hoieaf. gurUdrbfr nMU jfgIr dyxI cfhI pr pfqsLfh ny mnHf kr idWqf. pfqsLfh ny akbr nUM kihky ies kudrqI qbfhI smyN iksfnF df mflIaf muafPL krvf idWqf. scfeI qF ieh hYik srkfrI pwDr qy kIqI jf rhI lokfeI dI sMBfl nfloN, gurUdrbfr dI dyx ikwDry keI guxF vwD sI.

bfl gurU jI nMU sIqlf- pfqsLfh pRvfr smyq lgfqfr nO sfl pRcfr dOry qy rhy. ngrF nMU vsfieaf, gihry imWTy KUh putvfey. lfhOr ivc cyck dy pRkop smyN awT mhIny lokfeI dI syvf ivc lgy rhy. vfips aMimRqsr prqy qF bfl hirgoibMd nMU vI sIqlf (cyck) inkl afeI. jhflqF ivc Psy vihmI lokF ny, sIqlf (mfqf) dI pUjf dIaF slfhvF idWqIaF. pfqsLfh ny smJfieaf sIqlf jF cyck koeI mfqf jF dyvI nhIN blik iek mOsmI ibmfrI hY. iesdy ielfj dI loV hY. ies sMbMD ivc pfqsfh ny bfxI iÖc, sLbdF df Aucfrx vI kIqf. ieh sLbd, sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb ivc drj hn. aj mYzIkl sfeINs dI qrWkI nfl gurbfxI dI ieh scfeI apxy afp AuGWV ky sMsfr sfhmxy pRgt ho cukI hY.

bfl gurU jI Aupr mfrU hmly- iek pfsy pfqsLfh rfhIN lgfqfr jMgI pwDr qy isWKI dy pRcfr kyNdrF dI sQfpnf ho rhI sI. ienHF ivcoN aMimRqsr, qrnqfrn, Cyhrtf sfihb, krqfrpur sfihb (jlMDr), zwbI bfjLfr lfhOr ivKy bfAulI sfihb, hirgoibMdpurf afid pRmuWK sn. iesdy nfl hI hr smyN afpjI pRcfr doiraF qy vI cldy rhy. dUjy pfsy ivroDIaF vlON isWDy-aisWDy sfijLsLF df mfno hVH afieaf ipaf sI. pr ieh sBkuJ vI pfqsLfh nMU apxy ielfhI pRogrfm vloN kmjLor n kr sikaf. ieQo qIk ik Gr ivcoN hI hWQTokf bxfky, bfl (gurU) hirgoibMd jI AuWpr ipRQIcMd vloN iqMn vfr mfrU hmly krvfey gey. dfeI dy QxF nMU jLihr lgvf ky AunHF nUM mrvfAux dI koisLsL, spyry rfhIN jLihrIly sWp qoNN zsvfAux dI koisLsL, iKzfvy rfhIN dhI ivc jihr imlfky KuafAux dI koisLsL. krqy dI krnI, hr smyN pol KulHdI rhI-dfeI, spyrf aqy iKzfvf-apxI apxI krnI df Pl Bugqdy, mrdy-mrdy swc vI Augldy gey.

sulhI KF vloN hmlf aqy AusdI mOq- srkfrI drbfr ivcoN sulhI KF koloN gurUdrbfr qy hmlf krvfieaf igaf. rsqy ivc, afvy idKfAuNdy smyN ipRQI cMd dy apxy hI BwKdy afvy qy sulhI dy GoVy df pYr afigaf. GoVf qRbk igaf aqy sulhI bldy afvy ivc GoVy smyq izWgky sV miraf. ieslfmI akIdy anusfr bldI aWg ivc sVky mrn vflf dOjLK df BfgI huMdf hY. AuprMq pRIQIcMd ny, Ausdy BqIjy sulBI KF nMU apxy nfl gMZ ky muV hmlf krvfieaf pr rsqy ivc apxy ispfhIaF nfl hI JgVy kfrx AusdI vI mOq hO geI. donF nUM apxy kIqy dI sjLf, akflpurK vloN nflo nfl hI iml geI.

msMd pRQf, dsvMD pRQf aqy GoiVaF df vpfr- msMd pRQf nUM cOQy pfqsLfh ny afp arMB kIqf sI. isWKI dy vwD cuky dfiery nMU swnmuK rKky gurU arjn sfihb ny ies msMd pRQf nUM sMsQf df rUp bKLisLaf. iesdy nfl nfl dsvMD dI pRQf df vI arMB kIqf. ieQy hI bs nhIN, afAux vfly smyN dIaF loVF nUM muK rKky isWKF nUM GoiVaF dy vpfr ivc inpuMn kIqf aqy ies kMm vfsqy kfbul qIk Byijaf. sWqy llvMz dI vfr ivc ienHF glF df Kfs ijLkr afAuNdf hY.

gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI sMpfdnf- Bgq bfxI smyq pihly pfqsLfh qoN lYky cOQy pfqsLfh qIk df bfxI sMgRih, afp jI nMU gurgwdI pRfpqI smyN pRfpq ho cukf sI. sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb ivc lgBg aWDI bfxI rcnf pMjvyN pfqsLfh dI apxI hI hY. kul 6000 slokF ivcoN 2312 slok, gAuVI, gujrI, jYqsrI, bsMq, mfrU aqy rfmklI- Cy vfrF aqy bfxI suKmnI smyq kul 30 rfgF ivc afpjI dI bfxI rcnf mOjUd hY. sRI aMimRqsr ivKy sMn 1602 ivc bxvfey srovr, rfmsr dy iknfry ‘gurU gRMQ sfihb’ dI sMpfdnf df kMm arMiBaf igaf. bIV dI ilKfeI vflI ijLmyvfrI BfeI gurdfs jI nMU sOpI aqy nfl nfl ingrfnI aqy suDfeI afp kIqI. zyVH sfl dI axQWk imhnq qoN bfd isqMbr sMn 1604 nMU afp jI ny afid bIV nUM mukWml kIqf. AuprMq nvyN iqafr kIqy ‘drbfr sfihb’ ivKy iesdf pihlf pRkfsL krvfky, pihly pfT dI syvf df mfx bfbf buwZf jI nUM bKLisLaf. cyqy rhy! bfxI df pfT kyvl sihjy sihjy hI kIqf jFdf sI, aKMz pfT qF bfd dy smyN dI Aupj hY.

ivroDIaf vloN hor sfjLsLF- sfihb sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jIdI sMpfdnf, gurU drbfr dy ivroDIaF-jnMUnIaF aqy iBRsLt buwDI lokF dI lWk qoVvIN hfr sI. Auh boKLlf AuTy. sMpfdnf ivc rukfvtf pfAux df koeI vI smF AunHF ny kdy hQoN nhIN sI jfx idWqf. kfnHy, CjU, pIlU, sLfhhusYn afid aKoqI BgqF nMU Auksf ky srkfrI sLih qy Byijaf igaf. jLor idqf ik AunHF dIaF rcnfvF vI bfxI sMgRh ivc sLfml kIqIaF jfx. pfqsfh ny pUrI dlyrI nfl, sWc dI ksvtI qy AunHF rcnfvF nMU nkfr idWqf. sMgqF nUM BMml BUsy ivc pfAux vfsqy ipRQI cMd dy puwqr myhrbfn qoN nfnk pd dI vrqoN krvfky byaMq kWcI bfxI dI rcnf vI krvfeI geI. ‘afid gRMQ’ dI sMpfdnf bfry Aul jlUl khfxIaF pRclq kIqIaF geIaF ijsqoN BulyKf pY sky ik ‘afid gRMQ’ sMpUrn nhIN hn aqy bfxI bfhr CuWt geI hY jF kuJ rcnfvF vfDU drj ho geIaF hn. duWK qF ies gl df hY ik aj vI anykF kWcy pRcfrk AunHF hI khfxIaF nMU gurduafrf styjF qoN suxfeI jf rhy hn.

bfl (gurU) hirgoibMd jI nMU mrvfAux dy jwqnf ivc kIqIaF sfjLsLF kfrx ipRQI cMd nMU BrvIN bdnfmI imlI sI. ieh apxy shury ipMz hyhrI (lfhOr) ivKy clf igaf. srkfrI asr rsUK kfrx kfPLI jLmIn aqy mdd pRfpq kIqI. drbfr sfihb dI nkl qy iek ‘dUuKinvfrn’ nF df srovr vI bxvfieaf, AusnMU sWqjugI qIrQ vI msLhUr kIqf pr dukfn PLylH hoeI.

nksLbMdI islislf aqy bRfhmxI sfjLsLF- loDI Kfndfn aqy AusqoN bfd ivc bfbr dy smyN qoN mugLl bfdsLfhF df Jukfa, lgfqfr gurUdrbfr vl irhf. ieh gurUdr df siqkfr vI krdy sn. muslmfnF df rfj hox kfrx bhuqy muslmfn Auh vI sn ijhVy isWK qF nhIN sWjy pr rfjdrbfr ivc gurUdr dy pWky sLrDflU sn. iesdy Ault kWtr pMQI jnMUnI mOlfixaF df ieWk vWzf qwbkf Auh vI rfj Grfxy ivc mOjUd sI ijnHF nMU gurUdrbfr dI pRPulqf-muslmfn mwq dy PYlfa ivc sB qoN vwzI rukfvt njLr afAuNdI sI. jLfq-pfq dy mudeI, krmkFzf dI jwkV ivc Psy hoey, buWq pUjf df isLkfr bRfhmx vrg nMU vI sB qoN vzf Kwqrf gurUdr qoN hI sI. pihly jfmyN qoN hI ieh lok vfh lgdy srkfrI drbfry isLkfieqF-sfjLsLF, gurUpRvfrF ivc Gus pYT, lMgrF-sMgqF ivc CyV-CfV ienHF dy rOjL dy kMm sn. akbr smyN bIrbl kfrn ies vrg ny vI rfjdrbfr ivc apxy lMmy pYr psfr ley sn. bIrbl asl ivc jLfq df bRfhmx sI aqy joDpur qoN dfj ivc afieaf sI. iesdf aslI nfm mhysLdfs sI. Auhdy-qfkq dy lflc ivc iesny apxf Drm qF bdl ilaf sI pr mn krky ieh krmkFzI bRfhmx aqy rfjdrbfr ivc bRfhmxI sfjLsLF df kyNdr sI. sMn 1586, ipsLfvr ivc ieWk jMg smyN iesdI mOq ho geI. qd qIk rfjsqf ivc iesny kfPI ibMdU kfiem kr ley sn. bRfhmx vrg aj vI ies df pUrf pUrf lfB AuTf irhf sI.

akbr dy rfj smyN iek nvF sUPI islislf ‘nksLbMdI’ sMn 1599 ivc Bfrq afieaf. iesdf afgU Kvfjf muhMmd bfkIibWlf sI. ies islisly df kMMm krn df ZMg rfjsqf ivc GuspYT krky, srkfrI qfkq nMU ieslfm dy vfDy vfsqy vrqxf aqy hr cMgy-mfVy qrIky muslmfn mwq df PYlfa sI. Bfrq ivc AunHF nMU apxf srgnf sLyK aihmd srhMdI imilaf. ies rfhIN Auh rfjdrbfr sLyK PLrId buKfrI qIk pujy. ieh buKfrI rfjpft ivc bfdsLfh df swjf hwQ sI. akbr dy rfj smyN ienHF dI bhuqI pysL nf geI pr AunHF ny slIm (bfd ivc jhFgIr) qON ieh vfiedf lY ilaf ik jykr jhFgIr AunHF dy khy anusfr kMm krygf qF akbr qoN bfd Auh hr hfl jhFgIr nMU hI rfjpft duafAyuxgy. ies qrIky rfjdrbfr ivcoN kWtrpMQIaF nMU AunHF ny apxy nfl gMZ ilaf.

Drm ivc pRvysL vfsqy, jLbrdsqI jF dbfa dI vrqoN, isWK Drm iesdf mUloN ivroDI sI. iPr vI ihMdU, muslmfn aqy lokfeI afpxy afp hI isWK Drm nUM apnfAux vfsqy sBqoN agy sI. iesy leI nkslbMdI islisly dIaF njLrF ivc muslmfn mwq dy PYlfa vfsqy sB qoN vzI rukfvt isWK Drm hI sI. ies kMm vfsqy rfjsqf ivcoN rfjsI luwtyiraF, bRfhmxI qfnf-bfnf aqy jnUMnI molfixaF vloN nksLbMdI lihr nUM BrvIN qfkq pRfpq hoeI. iehI iek lfbI sI ijsnUM gurUdrbfr hr smyN rVkdf sI aqy pihly pfqsLfh dy smyN qoN hI ieh lfbI lfmbMd huMdI af rhI sI. nksLbMdI lihr ny mfno ienHF nUM iek sunihrI mOkf pRdfn kr idqf sI. ienHF ivroDIaF ny ipRQI cMd nMU vI hmysLf apxf ieWk hwQ Tokf bnfky hI vriqaf sI. scfeI qF ieh hY ik jykr pRvfr ivcoN pRQIcMd vrgf koeI hwQ Tokf nf vI imldf qF kyvl kuJ GtnfvF dI sLkl hI bdlnI sI. ikAuNik asl kfrx qF nksLbMdI lihr dI mdd kfrx, iesmyN qIk ivroDI lfbI df pUrI qrHF lfmbMd ho jfxf sI. ipRQI cMd dI moq vI pfqsLfh dI sLhfdq qoN iek sfl pihlF ho cukI sI.

afiKr Kusro afid vfly bnfvtI dUsLn iqafr krky jhFgIr rfhIN pfqsLfh nUM bulvfieaf igaf. ieQy sfrf jLor ies gl qy sI jF qF gurdyv afid bIV ivc AunHF dI mrjLI df vfDf Gftf krn aqy jykr pRcfr hI krnf hY qF muslmfn Drm dy pRcfrk bxky sfhmxy afAux. pfqsLfh ny AunHF dIaF ieh dovy glF pUrI qrHF TuWkrf idWqIaF.ies smyN jhFgIr qF sI hI nksLvMdIaF dI kWTpuqlI, apxf vWs nf cldf dyKky sfrI cIjL, sLyK PLrId buKfrI (hun murqjLf KF) dy hvfly krky afp bMgfl nUM dOV igaf.

sLhIdI aqy gurgWdI sOpxf- pfqsLfh jdoN apxI gl qy aizWg rhy qF mnvfAux dI rWt nUM lYky jhFgIr dy hukm nfl (asl ivc murqjLf KF dy hukm nfl) cMdU nUM agy krky pfqsLfh nMU aish qsIhy idqy gey. pivqR srIr nUM Aubldy pfxI ivc aflU dI qrHF Aubfilaf igaf. hyTF awg bfl ky sIs ivc ryq dy kwVCy pfey gey. jdoN gl hQON bfihr inkl geI qF, lokfeI dy ivroD qoN bcn leI srIr nUM cup cpIqy rfvI diraf ivc bhf idqf igaf. bhfnf GiVaf igaf-gurU sfihb ny rfvI ivc iesLnfn dI ieWCf afp pRgt kIqI aqy Ausy ivc alop ho gey . iesqrHF 30 meI sMn 1606 nMU pfqsLfh nUM sLhId kr idqf igaf.

qsIhy BrBUr sLhfdq df muWK kfrx-afid bIV ivc imlfvt nUM kbUl nf krnf aqy iesdy sfhmxy apxy prm pivqR ‘gurU srIr’ nUM vI quWC sfibq kr dyxf- ieh sI sLhfdq df muWK kfrx- cMdU-Kusro, qF kyvl vWkqI bhfny sn. sLhfdq df ieWqnf vzf pRqIkrm hoieaf ijsnMU shfrn dI ihMmq hkUmq pfs nhIN sI. ‘qujLky jhFgIrI’ anusfr hkUmq dy ies bfry iqMn Purmfn sn ‘Xfsf dy kfnUn aDIn pMjvyN siqgurF nMuU sLhId krnf’ dUjf ‘AunHF dy Gr Gft dI kurkI’ aqy qIjf ‘bfl bWcy nMU kYd krnf’. iesdy Ault sLhfdq AuprMq hkUmq ieWqnI zWgmgfeI ik sfry Purmfn Dry Drfey rih gey. Xfsf vflI gl vI kyvl ivWgV cuky hflfq nUM pRsMgk dsnf sI. ieQy hI bs nhIN apxI cmVI bcfAux leI hkUmq vloN ‘pfqsLfh Aupr Kusro dI mdd df ieljLfm GiVaf igaf. smyN dIaf KojF qoN sfbq ho cukf hY ik pfqsLfh df Kusro nfl kdy myl hI nhIN sI hoieaf. murqjLf KF ny vI ies kfry vfsqy, gurU drbfr dy doKI[ cMzfl cONkVI dy kirMdy idvfn cMdU nUM vriqaf. cMdU sLfhI KjLfny ivc iek mfmUlI ijhf krmcfrI sI. asl ivc ies sfrI GWtnf ivc muK dosLI jhFgIr hI sI. afiKr bfdsLfh qF AuhI sI smyN df kWTpuqlI bfdsLfh jykr QoVI ihMmq qoN kMm lYNdf qF ieiqhfs kuJ hor hI huMdf.

sLhfdq qoN iek dMm bfd CyvyN pfqsLfh rfhIN akflbuMgy (mOjUdf akfl qKq ) dI kfiemI; sMgqF vfsqy juafnIaF aqy sLsqr Bytf lYky afAux dy hukmnfmy; jhFgIr rfhIN cMdU nUM sjLf vfsqy lfhOr dIaF sMgqF dy hvfly krnf; sMgqF hQoN cMdU nUM qsIhy dyky mfrnf; jhFgIr vloN CyvyN pfqsLfh nfl sulfh leI Auqfvlfpn aqy pfqsLfh nfl aMimRqsr pujky psLcfqfp-ieh sB glF ieiqhfs dI iblkul bdlI hoeI qsvIr nUM pysL krdIaF hn. iesdy nfl ies gl nUM vI spsLt kr dyxf cfhuMdy hF ik aMqrjfmI siqgurF ny apxy lfhOr cln qoN pihlF hI gurgWdI dI ijLmyvfrI apxy ieklOqy spuqR 11 sfl dy hirgoibMd jI nUM sONp idqI sI.

isWtf ieh ik ieh mhfn sLhfdq nksLbMdI lihr aqy jnUMnI qfkqF dI boKLlfht df nqIjf sI. pr iksy vI hIly nf qF Auh isWK lihr nMU dbf sky, aqy nf hI afid bIV ivc koeI imlfvt hI ho skI. ivroD nMU TMzf krn vfsqy aqy lokfeI dI soc bdlx vfsqy, Kusro dI mdd jF cMdU-rfvI iesLnfn vflIaf glF qF kyvl vWkqI sLosLy sn. iesdy Ault jnMUnIaF dIaF ienHF iGnfAuxIaF krqUqF df isWtf, jhFgIr aqy AusdI hkUmq nMU keI pfpV vylny pey qfik AunHF dI sFJ gurUdr nfl iPr qoN bx afvy aqy sMgqF dy ivroD qoN vI bicaf jf sky. ies pUry vyrvy vfsqy gurmWq pfT nM: 70 ‘qWQ sLhIdI dy’ piVHaf aqy sYNtr pfsoN lfgq mfqr Bytf qy mMgvf ky sMgqF ivc vMzx vfsqy bynqI hY jI. 037s87.3s030

Including this Gurmat Lesson

"gurU arjn sfihb" gurmat Lesson No 37

For all the Gurmat Lessons written by ‘Principal Giani Surjit Singh’ Sikh Missionary, Delhi, all the rights are reserverd with the writer, but easily available for Distribution within ‘Guru Ki Sangat’ with an intention of Gurmat Parsar, at quite a nominal printing cost i.e. mostly Rs 200/- to 300/- but in rare cases Rs 4 or 500/-per hundred copies (+P&P.Extra) From ‘Gurmat Education Centre, Delhi’, Postal Address- J-IV/46- II Fl. Old D/Storey Lajpat Nagar-4 New Delhi-110024 Ph. 91-11-26487315

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