2- guurU arjn dyv pMc siqgurU
jI vloN gurbfxI dI kIqI sMpfdnf qoN AuprMq mhFblI dsm siqgurU nfnk sRI guurU
goibMd isMG sfihb jI ny nOvyN pfqsLfh jI dI pfvn bfxI sLfml krky sMpUrn kIqy
gRMQ (sfihb jI) nUM sMmq 1765 dy ijs vzBfgy pfvn pivwqr smyN, (gurU aMgd sfihb
qoN arMB hoey gurmiq dy ies prclq isDFq-"joiq Ehf jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir
pltIaY ]{966} anusfr) , godfvrI diraf dy nyVy nfdyV nwgr ivKy siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI dI joiq jugq dy sdIvI mflk Qfpidaf (dsLmysL jI ny) jdoN afpxf aJwuk sIs
Jukfieaf, kyvl AuhI smf sI jdoN afid-bIV aQvf afid-gMRQ qoN gurU gRMQ sfihb rUp
ivc pRgt hoey sn. pihly gurU pRkfsL vfly Aus pfvn smy iksy ny koeI muK-vfk ilaf
hovy, ies bfry koeI toh nhIN imldI. pr sfzy vflI, sfzy siqguuurU
jI dy rUp ivc pihlf pRkfsL idhfVf guirafeI sOpI jfx vflI Ausy idn qoN ibnf koeI
dUjf hor ho hI nhIN sI skdf . sRI drbfr sfihb ivc ieh kdoN pRkfsLmfn hoey, ies
bfry KojF hoeIaF ik nf, ieiqhfs iks kfrn cuwp hY- ienHF sLMikaF df smfDfn KLflsf
pMQ dIaF srbAuWc pdvIaF qy ibrfjmfn mhFpurKF kol hI ho skdf hY. dUjf
pRsLn:-(A) guirafeI pRfpq hox qoN 104 sfl pihlF[ jdoN ik iksy gRMQ nUM
guirafeI iml skx dI sMBfvnf df supnf vI (sLfied) iksy nUM nf afieaf hovy, BfdoN
sMmq 1661, ivc pihlF prkfsL idhfVf mMnI jfx df Durf kI hY ? asF qF ieh suriq vI
guaf leI ik, pMcm srUp siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI sfKLsLfq hjLUrI ivc, AunHF dI
afpxI hI ilKq, iksy poQI jF gRMQ ivco, koeI quk jF pMgqI, hukmnfmy vjoN pVH ky
sMgqF nUM sunfeI jfxI gurdyv jI dI Gor avwigaf mMnI jfxI dy QF vzf puMn-krm
ikvyN bx igaf ? (a) kI kfrn hY ik asIN 783 aMk qoN-sUhI mhlf 5 ] 7]10]
pUrf sLbd bfbf buZf jI vloN pihly muK vfk vjoN piVHaf jfx df inrmUl Brm kbUl
ky KLusLIaF Bry jYkfry bulf rhy hMdy hF ?
3-
Cp rhI "guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6
gurU gRMQ sfihb rUp siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dy prK drbfr ivc" nfmk pusqk ivc, isMG
sfihb igafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI jI dI afpxI ilKq dy hvfilaF nfl spwsLt kIqf
igaf hoieaf hY ik, ieh guriblfs sMn 1718 ivc (dsLmysL jI dy prlok gmn dy 10 sflF
dy ivc hI) iliKaf jf ky purfqn sYNkVy hQ ilKq AuqiraF aid duarf purfqn kfl qoN
hI ies nUM isK jgq ivc hrmn ipafrf bxf lYx leI, lg pg sfzy sfry Drm asQfnf ivc
ies dI kQf sYkVy sfl huMdI rhI sI . Ausy df hI asr hY ik, asF gurmiq ivroDI keI
BuwlF kIqIaF aqy inrMqr krI jf rhy hF. {ies do iksLqF vfly ies lyK ivc
kyvl guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6 dy pMjvy aiDafie dy kuJ ihwsy idaF)
gurmiq ivroDI pRsMgF df hI vyrvf idwqf jf irhf hY.
- bfbf buZf jI dI jLbfnI hukmnfmy vjoN pVHI kyvl iek pMgqI Auh vI asLuwD
-"sMq ky kfrj afp Kloaf ] hir kfr kZn ihiq kfmf
hoaf ]27] jd ik guurU gRMQ sfihb jI ivc ies pfvn pMgqI df sLuwD srUp ies
pRkfr hY-"sMqf ky kfrij afip Kloieaf hir kMmu krfvix afieaf rfm "]{783}
(pr asIN pUrf gurU sLbd pVHdy hF) pihly aDy ihwsy dI ivafiKaf jo kiQq-pfqr mnI
isMG dI jLbfnI drsfeI hoeI hY, Aus ivc pihlF guurU arjn sfihb jI nUM srovr dI
putfeI krvfAuNdy drsf ilaf . iPr, bRfhmxI DnusL-ivDI qoN kiQq ivsLnUM Bgvfn
nUM khfxI dy pfqr rUp ivc vriqaf jfx vflf ajLmfieaf hoieaf amoG bfx ?-Ausy smy
ivsLnUM jI vI afpxI pqnI lCmI smyq mjLdUrF dy vys ivc srovr ivcoN imtI puwtx
dI syvf qy af lwgy . aKy siqgurU arjn sfihb jI ny pCfx ky Aus dI vzI Ausqiq
kIqI, qF-"BgvMq sunI Ausqiq suK pfey . anMd vis ho dyh Bulfey"
]42] afpxI Ausqiq sux ky (vydFqI jI vloN ilKy tUk ivcly arQF anusfr)- ivsLnUM
Bgvfn jI, afpxy mjLdUrF vfly vys bfry surq guaf bYTy qy:-
cOpeI ]
sRI Xuq cqur Bujf bpu pfXo . gur arjn ko gr mY lfXo .
jugiq sBI BgvMq isKfeI . hirmMdru ieh BFiq bnfeI ]43]
arQ:-lCmI dy pqI (ivsLnUM jI) ny cqur BujI srIr Dfrn kr ilaf qy siqgurU
arjn sfihb nUM gl nfl jf lfieaf. iPr hrmMdr bxfAx dI sfrI ivDI afp smJfeI ik
hirmMdr ies qrjL df bxfAuxf hY.
dohrf] "hiurmMdr ko cfr dr suMdr rco apfr . qlfv miD mMdru rco kirho pul
suKu Dfir]44]"
arQ:-guurU arjn dyv jI nUM sMboDn krky ivsLnUM jI ny PLurmfn
kIqf ik, srovr dy ivckfr cfr drvfijLaF sihq byaMq suMdrqf vflf hirmMdr iqafr kro
aqy (iek pfsy vl nUM) pul bxfAux df suK mfxo . (not:- ivsLnUM rb jI ny afpxIaF
cfr bfhF dy aDfr qy hI hirmMdr sfihb dy cfr drvfjLy rKfvy sn? sfzy Drm afgUaF df
ieh khI jfxf ik cfr bUhy cOhF vrnF dI sFJ df pRqIk hn, korf JUT ies kfrn hY,
ikAuNik kyvl ieko pfsy sVk hox dy kfrn hrmMdr sfihb dy aMdr jfx nUM kyvl ieko dr
hY bfkI bfhr jfx leI vrqy jf rhy hn, iPr ivqkry qF afpixaf nfl vI kIqy jf rhy
hn?)
kiQq ivsLnUM Bgvfn dI jLbfnI "hirmMdr" nfm vflf dyv-mMdr bxfAux df spwsLt
hukm:-
ieh mMdr mm rUp hY hirmMdr iehu nfmu . iriD isiD ieh TF rhY ins idn
afTo jfm ]45]
arQF:-ieh "mMdr", asl ivc myrf (ivsLnUM ) df hI sfKLsLfq rUp hY. (Bfv,
hirmMdr dy rUp ivc mY afp AuvyN hI asiQq hF, ijvyN Bfrq dy bfkI ihMdU dyv-mMdrF
ivc mUrqI rUp ivc sQfpq ho ky pUijaf jf irhf hF ?). rfq idn aTy pihr irDIaF
isDIaF ies QF qy hfjLr rihxgIaF ]45}
5-
vzy dUridRsLt aqy ibwpRI
qrjL dIaF JUT khfxIaF ilKx ivwc inpuMn ilKfrI ny guriblfs dI sfrI gurmiq ivroDI
kQf (BfeI) mnI isMG dI jLbfnI suxI drsfeI hoeI hY. qF jo bRfhmxI ilKx ivDI qoN
axjfx insLkpt KLflsf jI pUrf XkIn kr lYx ik gRMQ ivclf sB kuJ gurdyv jI dI jIvn
kQf hI hY ? gurmiq ivcfrF leI bxIaF (Gr Gr aMdr Drmsfl Bf:gu:) sflF gurmiq dy
vYrIaF nUM jLrf nhIN sn BfAuNdIaF. Aus df sfrf Xqn sLbd-ivcfr leI bxy ies kyNdrI
asQfn nUM pwky qOr qy rfg rMg, pUjf pfT dfn puMn afid mfieaf dI bfrsL rUp cVHq
cVfvy vflf BrmF gRisaf lwut aWzf hI bxf lvy. Aus df qjrbf sI ik, ijQy pUjf df
Dfn AuQy PLjLUl JgiVaF gRsI pftoDfV afpxy afp af vwsdI hY. pihlF-"hir kMmu
krfvix afieaf rfm"- hukmnfmf qy iPr kiQq ivsLnUM Bgvfn "hir jI" nUM
muwK pfqr bxf ky Aus dI jLbfnI aCoply hI siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI Drmsfl nUM
hirmMdr bxvf ilaf. hux agy vyKIey:-
6-
mnuwKqf dy swcy swjx siqguurU nfnk sfihb jI ny pRBU dI
srb-ivafpkqf df gurmiq isDFq smJfAuNx leI kyvl anykF gurU-sLbd hI nhIN sn
rcy sgoN, nftk-rUp pUrinaf duafrf smJAux dI KLfqr, jfn lyvf KLqiraf nfl BprU
rsiqaf qy hjLfrf mIl sMsfr df rtn vI kIqf. mUrqI pUj ihMd vfsIaf nUM mfr mukfx
nUM 'svfb' (puMn krm) mMn bYTy hoey ieslfm dy gVH, arb dysL dy mwky sLihr ivcly
rwb dy Gr imhrfby vl pYr psfr sOxf, inrBYqf df anUpm sfkf jf vrqfieaf. mwky
sLihr dy vfsIaF nUM jLwry jLwry ivc vwsdy, lfmihdUd aWlfh nUM Coty jhy imhrfby
ivc bYTf mMn lYx vflI Gor inrfdrI qoN vrijaf . pr asIN gur iblfs dy ilKfrI dy
mfieaf jfl ivc ajyhy Psy ik, afpxy anUpMm siqgurU jI vl ijvy pwky qOr qy ipwT kr
leI hovy ? gurmiq ivroDI hir gl nUM iswK mrXfdf jfx ilaf. gurmiq igafn dy
ividafly Drmsfl nUM asIN hirmMdr bxf bYTy? eyQy hI bs nhIN"BlI suhfvI CfprI
jf mih gun gfey ] ikq hI kfim n DAulhr ijqu hir ibsrfey ]1] rhfAu ] andu grIbI
sfDsMig ijqu pRB iciq afey ] jil jfAu eyhu bzpnf mieaf lptfey ]1]"{746}
anmol gurmiq isiKaf nUM vI ivsfr bYTy . pRBU dI sdIvI Xfd nfl joVI rwKx vfly
gLrIbI vys, pRBU nfl nyVqf bxfeI rwKx vflI iKmf gux dy DfrnI bxf rhI DrmsLfl dy
QF pRBU qoN dUrI bxfAux dy sfDn "DAulhr" bxf ley. siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI
dI sfrI kTn Gflxf qy pfxI Pyr idwqf ? iPr ilKfrI ny drbfr sfihb nUM hI iswDf
ivsLnUM Bgvfn drsf ilaf ?
7-
mgro vfrI afeI AudfsI
inrmly rUp bRfhmx pujfrIaF dI. AunHF ny guriblfs dI inrMqr kQf khfxIaF nUM hI
aslI gurmiq dy rUp ivc prcfrnf afrMB kr idwqf. rihMdIaF ksrF vI pUrIaF ho geIaF.
rjvfVf sLfhI dI aQvf kiQq srbwq KLflsf jI dI ajyhI ckrI BuMafeIN ik AunHF ny
sMgmrmrI kMDF koiTaF qy sony df lypx krky ies nUM hU-b-hU bRfhxI qrjL vflf svrn
mMdr hI bxf ilaf. Bfv, siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dy ies mhF vfk dI KulHI inrfdrI vI-
isrIrfgu mhlf 1 ] [[[[
rsu
suienf rsu rupf kfmix rsu prml kI vfsu ] rsu GoVy rsu syjf
mMdr rsu mITf rsu mfsu ] eyqy rs srIr ky kY Git nfm invfsu
]2][[[4]5.{15}
lokF leI sony nUM aqy DAulhr-rUp mMdrF nUM
"rs", Bfv, pRBU qoN dUrI bxf rhy ivkfrF df mUl, byloVf
"cskf" GosLq krn
vfly siqgurU jI dy afpxy mMdr sMgmrmr aqy sony dy ? vzmuwlI isiKaf rUp
ies-"avr AupdysY afip n krY ] afvq jfvq jnmY mrY ]" "hukmfAu" dI KMznF df vI
gVgwj-ngfrf ? ikvy rih skdf sI KLflsf jI kol inafrf qyj pRqfp
?
aglI cOpeI:-- vfie kon iriD isiD bsfvY .
inis idnu aMqr kbI n pfvY .
lCmI ko qb khf sunfey . iehF invfs kro hrKfey ]
46]
vfie kon=sjy
kony sdf irDIaF isDIaF df invfs rhy ?-"iriD isiD avrf sfd ]" (jpu-28) inis
idn=rfq idn hr smy.
siq bcn lCmI muiK ghfeI ] sRI muiK sRI gur as
PLurmfeI .
"ijs kf kfrj iqn hI kIaf .
mfns kXf vycfrf
jIa ]47]"
Bfv, BgvFn ivsLnUM jI ny sRI gurU jI
nUM afpxy sRI muK qoN ieAu afiKaf drsf idwqf, ik ijs Bgvfn jI df kMm sI Aus ny
(lCmI smyq) puwj ky afpxf kMm afp hI afx kIqf ? hy (gurU) arjn (sfihb) ! qyry
vrgy mnuwK ivcfry kI kr skdy sn ? ilKfrI ny ivaMg rUp ikwzI krfrI cpyV sfzy
mUHMh qy kwZ mfrI hY ? asIN DrmsLflf vflf anUpm suKdfeI gurmiq isDFq ivsfr
bYTy. mMdrF ivcly isLvilMg vFg drbfr jI dy PLrsL nUM duwD
nfl iesLnfn krvf ky inq nvyN bsqr sjfAux dy ibwprI Brm ivc ajyhy gLlqfn ho gey
ik gurmiq smfJfAux vflf swjx sfnUM vzf vYrI ho idwisaf ?
8-
sfnUM ihMdU bxfAux leI XqnsLIl rihxf, guriblfs pusqk dy ilKfrI df bRfhmxI-Drm sI
. Aus qy ros ikAuN hovy ? asF vI qF jnyAU Dfrn krn rUp Dfrimk rsm qoN lY ky
mUrqI pUjf, qIrQ iesLnfn, qp-qfpn, ikiraf krm, XwgF afid pRqI bxI AunHF dI
hjLfrF sflF dI sLrDf nUM aqy-" ChI rn geI bsry nUM, moVIN BfeI zFg vfilaf
srdfrf", afidk qrk meI bolIaF nfl AunHF dy svYmfn nUM sdf vlUMDiraf hI hY . Auh
hor vI jo mrjLI hY ilKx aqy ijvyN dI mrjLI hY sfnUM ckrIaf dyx. pr eyDr afpxy
Drm afgU snmfn Xog jQydfrF dI hflq vI vyKI prKI jfeIey. AunHF df qF sgoN ieh
KLflsfeI Drm sI ik Auh afp vI bRfhmxI rIqf qoN bcy rihMdy aqy iswK kOm nUM vI
gurmiq ivroDI rsmF qoN kohF dUr rwKdy. afpixaF ny sgoN gurmiq dy vYrI ies ilKfrI
dI ieWiCaf pUrI kridaF- (1) suwk sV geI duwK BMjnI byrI dy QF nvIN byrI ilaf
lfAuxI, (2)-bfbf dIp isMG jI dI Xfdgfr dy sfhmxy prkrmf ivc vzy akfr df pwQr,
(3)-agfAUN "buk" kIqy jf rhy insPLl aKMzpfTF duafrf mcfeI luwt df jfl vzy qoN
vzf krI jfxf, (3) keI pRkfr dI mYl nfl Bry srovr dy jl dI sPLfeI leI ivdysLI
shfieqf vrqdy hoieaF vI Aus nUM pfvn pivwqr krfmfqI aMimRq jl hox df inrmUl Brm
horo qoN hor pwkf krI jfxf ? scu dy drbfr ivc sB kuJ JUT-azMbr rUp bRfhmxI
Brm-jfl ? KLflsf jI nfl DRoh kmfAux dy pwKoN sfzy afpxy qF sgoN vYrIaF dy vI kMn
kuqr rhy hn. ies Gr ko afg lgI Gr ky icrfgL sy ? (cldf)
gurbKLsL isMG kflf aPLgLfnf
imqI 12 jUn 2003
not:- srdwr gurbKS isMG kwlw APgwnw dy bhuqy lyK Cp rhIAW jW Cp cu`kIAW pusqkW ivcoN lY ky pwey jWdy hn[ m~Kx isMG puryvwl[
