DEHSHIVA

dyh isLvf br moih-? - kbIr ksAutI rfm kI-

(A) dyh isLvf br muih iehY suB krmn qy kbhUM n tro .. AupRokq ivcfry cOhF hI cMzI cirqRF ivc gRMQ krqf ny isLvf pd cMizkf leI aQvf isLv jI dI arDFgxI igrjf-pfrbqI durgf leI hI vriqaf hY. ilKfrI ny durgf pd rwb leI ikqy nhIN vriqaf. prmfqmf isLvf lPLjL sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb ivc vI iksy QF nhIN afieaf . akflpurK-prmfqmf dy kilafn kfrI gux-rUp df lKfiek NN isv NN sLbd gurbfxI ivc jLrUr afieaf hY. pr kiQq qOry qy kYlfsL prbq qy vsyby vfly, DOly bld dy asvfr isLv nUM rwb iksy QF nhIN mMinaF . sgoN Aus nUM pUj dyvqf smJx df Bog ienHF bcnF nfl pfieaf---N isv isv krqy jo nru iDafvY .. brd cZy zAurU ZmkfvY .. 2 ..-aqy--pFzy qumrf mhfdyAu DAuly bld ciVaf afvq dyiKaf Qf .. modI ky Gir Kfxf pfkf vf kf lVkf mfiraf Qf .. 2 .. {874} so isLv aqy Aus dI GrdI isLvf df iswKI ivc af vVnf KLflsf pMQ dy inafry iswKI isDFq df mOjU AuzfAuxf hY. dfs ny keI ivdvfnf kol aqy srb-Auææwc pdvIaF sFBI bYTy pMQ dy sfry jQydfr sfihbfn kol aQvf hirmMdr sfihb jI dy muwK gRMQI, isMG sfihb mohn isMG jI dI syvf ivc afpxy ivcfr ilK Byjy, pr cMgf jF mfVf, iksy iDroN vI,koeI Auææwqr nf bhuiVaf .

(a) aqy iPr iksy vI sLkqI koloN koeI Aucycf vr mMgxf gurmiq ivroDI krm hY . vrF srfpF nUM gurmiq ny iek dm rwd kr idwqf hoieaf hY. jIvF dIaF sfrIaF loVF isrjxhfr afpxy pwky inXwm rUpI hukm duafrf afp hI pUrIaF kr irhf hY. isLvf afid iksy vI hor kiQq sLkqI df Aus isrjx-hfr dI scI kfr ivc koeI dKLl jF phuMc nhIN hY. pusqk N ibwpRn kI rIq qoNN swcu df mfrg dy pihly Bfg dy qIjy kFz dy pMjvy lyK ivc vrF srfpF aqy asIsF--nUM gurmiq ivroDI iewk Brm iswD kIqf jf cuwikaf hY.
(e) sLuB krmn qy kbhUM nf troN:---gurU bfxI anusfr koeI vI krm afpxy afp ivc nf sLuB hY aqy nf asLuwB. AuhI krm kdy cMgf aqy kdy mMdf bx irhf huMdf hY. iPr, eyQy iksy pRkfr dy sLuwB krmF qy zty rihx dI smrQf mMg kIqI geI hY ? gurU gRMQ sfihb jI qF sfnUM krqfr suafmI koloN ibbyk buwD dI mMg krnI isKfAuNdy hn--hfir pirE suafmI kY duafrY dIjY buiD ibbykf ..--cMgy mMdy krmF dy ihsfb dy gyV ivc pYxf bRfhmxvfd hY. gurmiq dy anusfr jIvn jIAUx vflI ibbyk buwDI hI mnuwK nUM sRYsLt bxfAuNdI hY. sfzy leI gurbfxI bx KloqI cMzI icRqr ivclI ies cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI gurmiq dI ksvwtI dI prK ivc pUrI nhIN AuqrdI.
(2) n zro air sy jb jfie lro inscY kr afpnI jIq kro .. ikQy jf ky iks vYrI nfl lVnf hY ? iks pRkfr dI ijwq dI locnf hY ? ijs isLvf qoN ieh vr mMigaf jf irhf hY Auh qF kyvl AuunHF nUM hI afpxy vYrI smJdI hY ijhVy kiQq qOr qy asmfnI vwsdy dyviqaF nUM qMg krky kiQq dyvrfj ieMdR df rfj Koh lYNdy hn. inrvYr siqgurF df vYrI qF hY hI koeI nhIN--nf ko bYrI nhI ibgfnf sgl sMg hm kAu bn afeI .. aqy--nf ko myrf dusmnu rihaf nf hm iks ky bYrfeI .. bRhmu psfru psfirE Biqir siqgur qy soJI pfeI ..{671}-3 gurU bfxI dy eysy --NN dyh isLvf.. kroN quk dy pfT ny hI KLflsf jI nUM bysUlf aqy ajyhf GtIaf jMgjU bxf idwqf ik- gurU GrF ivc, gurU drbfrF ivc, ividaf dy kyNdrF ivc, rylF, motrF, hvfeI jhfjLF ivc, vpfrk adfiraF ivc, afpxy prvfrF ivc, gwl kI ijLMdgI dI hr rOxk ivc, sMsfr dy hr dysL ivc ijwQy hI ivcry lwg pg hr QF, golIaF clfAuNidaF, kyso kysI huMidaF, iCqr-pqfn, hUro muwkI hox dy nfl bVI AuææwcI sur ivc gfhlo gfhlI huMidaF nUM DUeI iPrdI puls dy Poto, ivdysLI aKLbfrF ivc keI vfrI Cpy. sfzI kOm, sMqF vfly guxf qoN swKxI, kyvl bydlIly jMgjUaF dI kom smJI jfx lwg peI. N KLflsf so kry inq jMg NN iksy pMQ ivroDI dI ilKI pMgqI afpxy jIvn ivc Gtf leI pr asF, sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dy pfvn 143ú aMkF ivcoN koeI iewk pMgqI vI kOmI qOr qy nhIN apxfeI .
(3) ar iswK hO afpny hI mn kO ieh lflc hAu gun qAu Aucro ---mhF dyAu dI DrpwqxI ies isLvf df pqI-bRqf vflf gux qF asF ipwCy pVH hI ilaf sI. ijhVf sUrmF vI Aus nUM lVfeI ivc ijwq lYNdf Ausy dI hox leI iqafr bYTI sI. vr jF srfp, dyx nUM kfhlI, lhU pI ky jIAUNidaF jIaF nUM cæwb ky Kf jfx vflI, Joty dI blI mMgdI rihx vflI dYNqF nfloN vI vwD inrdeI ies isLvf dy pqf nhIN ikhVy gux Aucfrdy rihx dy lflc ny kvI nUM Gyiraf hoieaf hY ? ipwCy asIN pVH afey hF ik ieh isLvf ikvyN sdf kRoDvfn hoeI ivcrdI drsfeI hoeI hY. ajyhy kRoDI dy qF siqgurF ny nyVy jfxo vI vrijaf hoieaf hY--Enf pfis duafis n iBtIaY ijn aMqir kRoDu cMzfl .. 3 .. {4ú}- ieh cMzfl kRoD akl df vYrI hox bfry siqgurF df PLurmfn:----
31- kTn kroD Gt hI ky BIqir ijh suiD sB ibsrfeI ] {ihr lInf=curf ilaf, akl mfr leI} rqnu igafnu sB ko ihir lInf qf isAu kCu n bsfeI ]1] {219}-4
ajyhI iBaMkr isLvf dy gux gfAux df lflc kutl-pRoihq nUM qF bysLwk hovy pr, isLvf nfm vflI ajyhI lwKF dyvIaF qF dsLm siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dy crxF dI DUV leI iPrdIaF hoxgIaF. ijs isLvf nUM srb sFJI guurU bfxI ivc QF nhIN imilaf dsLmysL jI dy pfvn nfmxy nfl Aus df joV ikAuN bxy ? prmfqm dI mOj nfl pRgty hy dUly KLflsf jIE ! afpxf aslf pCfxoN aqy inkl afAu bRfhmxI mfieaf jfl dI Gfqk jkV ivcoN .
4) jb afv kI aAuD indfn bnY aq hI rn mY qb jUJ mro .. (A) kmfl dI klf bfjLI ? mOq smy dy qRfs qoN Gfbry ijhVy ilKfrI jI sRI aisDuj jI dy drbfr ivc riKaf leI igVgVfAuNdy sn eyQy ieAuN ---NN afp hfQ dY muJY AubirXY .. mrn kfl kf qRfs invirXY .. hUjo sdf hmfry pwCf .. sRI aisDuj jU kirXhu rwCf .. NN ilKx vfly ilKfrI jI eyQy hI jUJ ky mrn leI iqafr ? mOq vI ikhVI ? jMg krdy smy Gor XuwD ivc jUJ ky mrn dI swDr ? kI, ieh bcn prm siqkfrXog dsm siqgurU nfnk jI dy hI hn ? ijs anUpm gurU bfxI nUM AunHF ny gurU nfnk sfihb dI guirafeI sONpI sI, inrBAu jpY sgl BAu imtY--df AupdysL idRV krf rhy AunHF dy byaMq PLurmfn qF sfry zr JMjtF qoN rihq ho ky, jMg ivc jUJ mrn dI nhIN sgoN sdf pRBU dI Xfd ivc juVy rihx dI swDr drsf rhy hn. kyvl vxgI mfqR 5 gurU PLurmfn ieAuN hn ---(1) gurmiq piq sfbfis iqsu, iqs kY sMig imlfAu .. iqsu ibnu GVI n jIvAu ibnu nfvY mir jFAu .. mY aMDuly nfmu n vIsrY tyk itkI Gir jfAu .. 2 ..{58}-8 (2) myrY min aYsI Bgiq bin afeI .. hAu hir ibnu iKnu plu rih n skAu jYsy jl ibnu mIn mir jfeI .. 1 .. rhfAu .. {368}-1ú-62 (3) iqsu ibnu GVI n jIvIaY BfeI srb klf BrpUir .. sfis igrfis n ivsrY BfeI pyKAu sdf hjUir .. ijnf pRIiq n lgIaf BfeI sy inq inq mrdy JUir .. 8 .. {64ú}-1 (4) hAu ieku iKnu iqsu ibnu rih n skAu ijAu cfiqRku jl kAu ibllfqf .. hAu ikaf gux qyry sfr smflI mY inrgux kAu riK lyqf .. 2 .,. {564}-9 (5) kir ikrpf goibMd pRB pRIqm dInf nfQ sunhu ardfis .. kru gih lyhu nfnk ky suafmI jIAu ipMzu sBu qumrI rfis .. 2 .. 3 .. 12ú .. {pMnf 2ú4} ajyhI locnf dy QF ---aiq hI rn mYN jUJ mrf NN df vr mMgxf ? jy afpxI mMg df isDFq ies pRkfr bdl lYxf sI qF AupRokq pMgqIaF vflI gurU bfxI nUM sIs Jukf ky guirafeI sONp dyx df arQ kI bicaf?
(a) ipCly cirqRF qoN asI cMgI qrHF smJ afey hF ik kyvl, dYNqF aqy dyviqaF dI jMg hI jdo mrjLI hY aqy ijwQy mrjLI hY CyVI jf skdI hY . AuNj sMsr dy iksy vI dysL ivc ajyhI jMg sdf nhIN lwgI rihMdI ijs ivc jUJ ky mrn dI gwl ivcfrI jf skdI hovy . ies jLrUrI pwK vwl vI iDafn mrIey. siqgurF df PLurmfn hY ik, pRBU dy swcy Bgq df kihaf bcn lok pRlok, dohI QFeI swc iswD huMdf hY--nfnk dfsu muK qy jo bolY eIhf AUhf scu hovY .. 2 .. aqy siqgurF dy ies pfvn PLurmfn qoN vI asIN BlI-BFq jfxUM hF --N ibrQI kdy n hoveI jn kI ardfs .. NN Bfv, pRBU dy jn dI ardfs kdy vI ibrQI nhIN jFdI . kI, kdy asF ieh ivcfiraf hY ik jy vfikaf hI siqgurF ny afpxy akflpurK dy crnf ivc Gor XuwD ivc jUJ ky mrn dI mMg aQvf ardfs kIqI huMdI qF Auh jLrUr ivc pUrI hoxI sI ? pr dsLm ipqf jI nUM qF afpxy isMGfsx qy afrfm krdy smy ivsLvfsL GfqI pTfx ny jfn lyvf GfAu lf idwqf sI. aqy ijs idn AunHF inj Dfm nUM ipafxf kIqf sI Aus idn vI Gr XuwD koeI nhIN sI hoieaf. afpxy siqgurU jI nfl swcf ipafr krn vfly sUJvfn guriswKF leI eyhI scfeI kfPLI hoxI cfhIdI sI . hux vI zuwlHy byrF df kuJ nhIN ivgiVaf . afAu Auææwcy cVH ky duhfeI dyeI ik, hy AupRok svYXf dsmy jI dy pfvn nfmxy nfl joV rhy BfeIE asIN aigafnqf vws hoey bVf vzf pfp Kwt rhy hF. akfl purK nfl iewk rUp ho cuwky, akfl-rUp dsm sRI gurU nfnk jI dy pfvn nfmxy nfl ajyhy kwcy bcn joV ky asIN mhF blI jI dI Gor inMidaf kr rhy hF.
(e) nyk ihrdy vflf koeI vI mnuwK ,jMg dI mMg kdy nhIN krdf sgoN sdf srbwq dy Bly dI hI locnf krdf hY. dsLmysL jI ny afpxI ijLMgdI ivc iksy QF vI afp jMg nhIN sI shyVI . hiQafr cuwkx dI loV vI Ausy siQqI ivc hI smJI, jdo sulfh sPLfeI df dUjf hor (krbfnIaF dyx smyq) koeI cfrf nhIN sI irhf huMdf. iPr ikvyN mn ilaf jfvy ik AupRokq vr dsLmysL jI ny hI mMigaf sI?
(s) dfs dI Aumr 78 sfl dI ho peI hY . sfrI Aumr kdy vI iksy QF koeI ajyhf Drm-XuwD lwgf nhIN suixaF ijs ivc lV ky mr imtn df cfAu, iksy isMG jI dy ihrdy ivc TfTF mfr AuiTaf hovy ? gurU ky bfgL df, gurU duafiraF nUM mhMqF koloN CuzvfAux df, jYqo df morcf, afid awj qwk isMGF dy sfry morcy Drm XuwD iswD nhIN hoey. ieh sfry morcy kyvl aqy kyvl qwd Drm-XwuD smJy jf skdy sn, jy asF afpxy Drm asQfnF nUM, pdfrQk mMgF vflIaF suKxf qoN arMB ho ky, pUjf pfT nfl sMbDq sfrIaF bRfhmxI rIqF qoN pfk-sfPL krky, kyvl gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI isiKaf vflf igafn mMdr aQvf siqgurU nfnk jI vflI Drm-sLfl (=Drm iswKx dI QF) hI bxf ilaf huMdf . pr awj pfvn pivwqr hirmMdr sfihb smyq, isafsq dy aKfVy bx cuwky gurU duafiraF ivc jo ho irhf hY Auh nrYxUM mhMqF dy toly dy vI kMn kuqr irhf hY. ajyhy qwQF dy kwcy icwTy df vyrvf ilK ky dfs ny keI vfrI sLRomxI jQydfr sfihbfn dI syvf ivc Byijaf hY. pr AunHF vwl iDafn qF qd hI idwqf jfvy jy agly bMny swc df muqlfsLI, koeI suihrd gurmuiK ipafrf ajyhI sUcnF dI AuzI kr irhf hovy ? kdoN bxy pMQ df ajyhf afgU ijs dy ihrdy ivc, pMQ ivcoN kurIqIaF nUM dUr krn dI apfr swDr pYdf ho cuwkI hovy ?
(h) afpxI ijMdgI ivc keI Drm afgU--sMq aqr isMG, rfVy vfly sMq, klyrF vfly sfry sMq, sMq hrnfm isGM gVHdI vflf, rmfdfs df sMq, iBMzrF vfly sMq gurbcn isMG aqy sMq krqfr isMG, BfeI vIr isMG afid vwzy qoN vwzy DrmfqmF dI aQvf iksy vI mhFpurK dI mOq--aiq hI rx mY qb jUJ mrox dI mMg vflI swDr, pUrI nhIN kr skI. koeI ibmfrI nfl, koeI duGtnF df isLkfr--sB dy sB mMjI qy awzIaF rgVdy hI mulky adm nUM ruKLsq huMdy rhy. iPr kI ieh kivqf ikqy sfnUM kOmI qOr qy mUrK bnfAux leI hI qF nhIN rcI geI hoeI? ies gwl ivc srkfr df kI Byq hY ik jdoN vI pfiksqfn srkfr nfl jMg iCVI ryzIE aQvf tI vI dy pRogrfmF ivc dyh isLvf br moih ... AupRokq sÍYXf bVI pRDfn QF ml irhf huMdf hY pr awgy ipwCy lwg-pg alop ?
(k) ajyhf kwcf aqy kurfhy pfAux vflf AupdysL suafrdf kuJ nhIN pr ivgfVdf bVf kuJ hY--N jYsf syvy qYso hoie N gurmiq isDFq ny afpxf rMg ivKfieaf. iswKF bfry aKfx bx igaf ik, jy ienHF nUM bfhr df koeI nf imly, qF GridaF nfl hI lVfeI shyV ky vwZ tuwk krn vflf afpxf Jws pUrf kr lYNdf hn . sUrbIr, inrBY, srbwq dy swcy imwqr hr pwKoN inrvYr, aqy iKmf dy puqly, ijs sMq sUrmy KLflsf nUM, kdy, isvfey (1) afpxy aMdr bYTy pRBU rfjy (aMdir rfjf qKqu hY afpy kry inafAu .. gur sbdI dru dru jfxIaY aMdir mhlu asrfAu .. Kry priK KjfnY pfeIain Koitaf nfhI QfAu ..) qoN dUrI pY jfx dy zr qoN, aqy afpxy siqgurF dI nrfjgI Kwt bYhx dy BY qoN, hor dUjy iksy df koeI zr BY kdy nyVy afieaf hI nhIN sI, awj AuhI isMG afpxy afcrn dI kmjLorI qoN BY BIq ibwpR dy rlfey Gfqk mhury nUM aMimRq dy Guwt smJ ky pINdy rihx ivc afpxI kilafx mMn bYTf hoieaf hY. iswKI dy vYrI ny ijs Xojnf aDIn, gurmiq ivroDI ieh sfrf kuJ pMQk mrXfdf ivc ilaf vfiVaf sI, Aus dI Auh kutl XojnF pUrI qrHF sPLl rhI. BfvyN, gurU nfnk jI dI swKI vI siqgurF vl ipwT krky BfrqI boDIaF vfly rfhy pY cuwkI hY, aqy jLfhrf qOr dy hux moVf Kf lYx dI sMBfvxf dy sfry rsqy bMd ho cuwky anuBv ho rhy hn, pr, iPr vI Brosf bwJf hoieaf hY ik, sRI gurU nfnk sfihb jI ny dfs koloN ieh sB kuJ insPLl kdy nhIN ilKfieaf. pwQr qy lkIr vrgf XkIn bx irhf hY ik, cmqkfrI siqgurU bfbf jI dy droN KLYr jLrUr pY jfxI hY. svyr dy Buwly isMG sihb jI ny, pUrI qrHF sUrj zuwbx qoN pihlF, afpxy mUl vwl jLrUr moVf Kf lYxf hY. aqy iPr Ausy PLqih dy ngfry ny gVgwj pf dyxI hY :---
32-- sloku ] Pfhy kfty imty gvn Piqh BeI min jIq ]
nfnk gur qy iQq pfeI iPrn imty inq nIq ]1] {258}-38
arQ:-siqgurU jI PLurmfn krdy hn ik, jy afpxy mn nUM ijwq leIey, (vws ivc kr leIey) qF (ivkfrF Auqy) ijwq pRfpq ho jFdI hY, mfieaf dy moh dy bMDn kwty jFdy hn, qy (mfieaf ipwCy) Btkxf muwk jFdI hY . ijs mnuwK nUM gurU pfsoN mn dI azolqf iml jFdI hY, Aus dy jnm mrn dy gyV sdf leI muwk jFdy hn . 1 .
gurbKLsL isMG kflf aPLgfnf