aslI akfl qKq dI srvAuWcqf dy hfmI hF qy nklI dsm gRMQ nUM ihk
Tok ky cYilMj krdy hF!! (Bfg dUjf)
jdoN df dsm gMRQ AuplwBD hY AudoN df
hI ieh gRMQ crcf df ivsLf bixaf hoieaf hY. dsm gRMQ dIaF rcnfvF df aiDaYn kIiqaF
vI, ies dIaF rcnfvF df ivsLY vsqU aqy sLbdfvlI vI sLpwsLt qOr qy gvfhI dyNdI hY
ik ies dIaF bhuq sfrIaF rcnfvF guruU ikRq nhI. sB qoN pihlF 1738 ivc ivvfd KVf
hoieaf. iPr igafnI igafn isMG (pMQ pRkfsL) qy srUp dfs Bwlf (mihmf pRkfs) ny ies
gRMQ ivc rly qy imlfvtF df vrnx kIqf. 1890-92 ivc pRo[ gurmuK isMG aqy pMc Kflsf
dIvfn dy bfbuU qyjf isMG ny sLMky AuTfey qy smuwcI bfxI dsm pfqsLfh dI ikRq nf
hox sMbMDI ivcfr pysL kIqy. pMc Kflsf dIvfn BsOV vloN qF 1918 ivc ies sMbMDI
‘dsm gRMQ inrxX’ pusqk CpvfeI geI aqy sLMkf jLfhr kIqf igaf ik ies gMRQ dI
smuwcI bfxI gurU ikRq nhI.1956 ivc gurmuK isMG pRdysI (dsm bfxI pRkfsL) ny,
1941-42 ivc sLmsLyr isMG asLok ny (‘pMj diraf’- julfeI 1941, aprYl 1942; pRIqm
akqUbr 1942) ny, 1958 ivc sI[ aYc[ lLohiln ny, 1960 ivc igafnI ig[ hrnfm isMG
blB ny, 1962 qy 1965 ivc zf[ rqn isMG jwgI (‘dsm gRMQ df pOrfixk aiDaYn’ aqy
‘dsm grMQ df kriqRqv’) ny, 1976 ivc igafnI Bfg isMG aMbflf, (dsdm gRMQ inrxY)
ny, dsm gRMQ dI smuwcI rcnf guru ikRq nf hox sMbMDI ivcfr pysL kIqy.
sLRo[ gu[pR[ kmytI ny vI afpxy 3 agsq
1973, dy pwqr nMbr:36672 ivc isMG sfihbfn sRI drbfr sfihb aqy jwQydfr akfl qKq
sfihb dI rfie ilKI sI,ies mitMg ivc Bfg lYx vfilaf ivc zf rqn isMG jwgI vI
sLfml sn jo bfad ivc dsm gRMQ guruU jI dI ikRq hY iswD krdy hn, ik
‘cirqRopKXfn’ jo dsm gRMQ ivc aMikq hn, ieh dsLmysL bfxI nhI. ieh purfqn ihMdU
imiQhfsk sfKIaF df Auqfrf hY. AuWprlI sfrI jfxkfrI ‘bicqR nftk stIk’ krqf jy[
pI[ sMgq isMG 1991 dy arMB ivc drjL hY.
PrjL kro sLRo[ gu[ pR[ kmytI dI ieh
rfie TIk hY ik dsm gRMQ ihMdU imiQhfsk khfxIaF df Auqfrf hY. hux qusIN guruU kI
sMgqy afp soco ik imiQhfsk ihMdU sfKIaF df Auqfrf krn vflf sfKIaF df krqf ikvyN
bx jfvygf. ies krky vI dsm gRMQ guruU goibMd isMG jI df nhI iliKaf ho
skdf.
jwQydfr akfl qKq dy hukmnfmy, awgy
qoN ivvfd gRsq dsm gRMQ koeI nf Cfpy, dy bfvjUd vI dsm gRMQ BfeI cqr isMG jIvn
isMG pusqkF vfly CfpI jf rhy hn qy vycI jf rhy hn. jwQydfr akfl qKq suqf ipaf
hY.
zf[ rqn isMG jwgI ny jo dsm gRMQ df
AulQf kIqf AuWs ivc bfbf ivrsf isMG dI afpxI qsvIr aKIr ivc lgfeI geI hY. ies
gRMQ ivc bfbf ivrsf isMG jI mhFrfj dI asIs vI lwgI hoeI hY qy ieh vI iliKaf
hoieaf hY ik jo ies gRMQ dy awKr awKr df siqkfr nhI krdf Auh gurUu gRMQ sfihb df
siqkfr vI nhI krdf. dsm gRMQ dy siqkfr nfl guruU gRMQ dy siqkfr df kI sMbMD? sfP
jLfhr huMdf hY ik bfbf ivrsf isMG ies ivvfd gRsq gRMQ nUM iswKF AuWpr Qopxf
cfhuMdy hn. AunHF nUM ieh krn nfl kI PfeIdf hovygf iswK sMgqF bfbf ivrsf isMG
nUM afp puwCx.
kysr isMG iCbr, cOpf isMG, sMqoK
isMG, pMizq qfrf isMG, koier isMG afid juMzlI ieh sfry purfxy pMizq sn. isrP nfm
bdl ky iswKI nUM gMDlf krn leI iswK bxy sn. koier isMG sB qoN hfnIkfrk GuspYTIaf
mMinaf jFdf hY ies krky iswKF nUM ienHF dIaF ilLKqF ivc ivsLvfsL krn dI loV nhI.
sfzy kol prK dI ksvwtI guru gRMQ
sfihb hn. afE hux guru gRMQ sfihb dI kwsvwtI qy prK ky vyKIey ik dsm gRMQ ikqnf
ku nklI hY ijs nUM vrq ky iswK kOm ivroDI qkqF iswKF nUM Kqm krnf cfhuMdIaF hn.
dsm gRMQ dI irJ rhI KIr nUM nMgf krky vyKIey ik ieh ikqy iKcVI qF nhI bx
geI.
aYsI Pbq duhuMn kI jorI] jnuk ikRsLn
iBRKBfn iksLorI]11] duhUM hfQ iqh kucn mrorY] jn KoXo inDnI Dnu torY]12] bfr bfr
iqh gry lgfvY] jnu kMdRp ko dwRpu imtfvY] Bogq qFih jMG lY kFDy] jnu dvY mYn
qrksn bFDy ]13]d:gRM: pMnf 967]icRqr 111]
dohF (ipafr krn vfilaF) dI joVI ies
qrHF Pwb rhI sI ijvyN ikRsLn qy AunHF dI ipafrI rfDf dI joVI hovy. dohF hwQF nfl
mMumy ieAuN mroVy jf rhy sn ijvy koeI grIb afpxf gvficaf hoieaf Dn lwB irhf
hovy. Auh bfr bfr aOrq nUM gly glf irhf sI qy lwqF moiZaF qy rwK ky Bog (sYks)
kr rhy sn. Auh dono jfxy ieMJ lwg rhy sn ijvy BwQy ivc bwDy hoey qIr
hox.
ikaf sohxI qsvIr iKcI hY ilKfrI ny
Bog krn vfly joVy dI. mYN qF afpxI klm nfl ieh nhI ilK skdf jI ik ieh icRqr
guruU goibMd isMG jI df iKicaf hoieaf hY ikAuNik ies sYksI qsvIr qoN bfad vI ies
icRqr ivcoN mYnUM koeI afqimk anMd dyx vflI koeI isiKaf nhI imlI jI. hF jy sYks
bfry vfkPIaq lYxI hY qF ies gRMQ nUM gurUu goibMd isMG jI dy nfmxy nfl cMbyVn dI
kI loV hY?
dsm gRMQ dy hfmIE quhzI pRoVqf vfly
dsm gRMQ dI hI BfsLf vrq irhf hF ijs ivc iesqrI dIaF qyj Ausqry nfl JftF
AuqfrIaF hox, swq vfr kwZI sLrfb pIx nuM Auqm mMinaf igaf hovy, aPIm, BMg qy hor
hr iksm dy nsLy krn dI pRyrnf kIqI hovy, kI Auh gRMQ gurU ikrq ho skdf hY ?
nhI.
gurUU nfnk sfihb;"so ikAu
mMdf afKIaY ijqu jMmY rfjfn " pMnf 473,
afKdy hn ik iesqrI nUM mMdf nhI kihxf
cfhIdf ikAuNik iehI iesqrI rfijaF nUM vI jnm idMdI hY. pr AunHF dI afpxI hI
dsvIN joq ieh afKy ik aOrq nUM bxf ik qF pRmfqmf afp hI pCqf irhf hY, dsm gRMQ
dI ieh ilKq pihlI aqy dsvIN joq nUM vwK vwK krdI hY, iehI ibpR cfhuMdf hY. pr
iswK isDFq nfl dsm gRMQ df koeI nyV-qyV df sMbMiD nhI hY?
" aMq
iqRXn ky iknUM n pfXo] ibDnf isrij bhuir pCuqfXo] ijn ieh ikXo skl sMsfro] vhY
pCfin Byd iqRX hfro] dsm gRMQ pMnf 1267]"
ijsny ieh sfrf sMsfr bxfieaf hY jy
Auh hI iesqrI dy icRqrF nUM pCfnx ivc hfr igaf hY, iesqRIaF nUM smJ nhI sikaf qF
bfkI dy sMsfr df kI sMvfrygf ieh krqf purK? ieh krqf vI gurU gRMQ sfihb dy krqy
qoN koeI vwKrf krqf hY. ikAuUNik gurUbfxI df krqf qF sB qoN blvfn
hY.
ijsu Tfkru isAu nfhI cfrf] qf kAu
kIjY sd nmskfrf]m:5, pMnf 268]
dsm gRMQ pMnf 1081, iqRXf icRqr
190]
iek iesqrI afpxIaF shylIaF nfl bfg
ivc hws hws ik gwlF krdI ieMJ afK rhI hY ik mYN pihlF rfjy qoN pfxI BrvAUN qy
iPr afpxIaF JftF munvfAUN qF mYN sLrq ijqFgI. ieh kih ky AuWs aOrq ny suMdr Bys
Dfrn kIqf qy rfjy nUM JroKy ivcoN dI idKfeI idwqf qF Jwt hI rfjf Aus aOrq qy
mohq ho igaf. pRIiq sihq rs rIqupjfeI qoN bfad Auh aOrq byhosL ho jFdI hY (jfx
buJ ky) qy pfxI pfxI krdI hY. iPr rfjf afp AuT ky pfxI Br ky ilafAuNdf hY. iPr
cuMbn ( cMumx) cwtx huMdf hY qy bfad ivc kfm kI kyl mcfeI, ijhVI dsm gRMQ dy
pMnf 909 qoN sLurU ho ky 1388 pMnf qk mwcdI hI jFdI hY, dovyN jvfn hn qy koeI
ies kfm dI Kyz ivc hfrnf nhI jfxdf. iPr ieh iesqrI rfjy nUM afKdI hY, "mYN bydF
purxF ivcoN suixaf hY ik iesqrI dIaF JftF munIaF nhI jf skdIaF"] ieh gwl sux ky
rfjf afKdf hY ik qUM JUT bol rhI hYN mYN qyrIaF JftF munFgf kih ky rfjy ny iewk
qyj Ausqrf mMgvfieaf qy AuWs iesqrI dIaF sfrIaF JftF mun idwqIaF. ies qoN bfad
Auh cMcl aOrq qfVI mfr ky hwsdI hoeI ieh afKdI hY ik mYN rfjy qoN pfxI vI
Brvfieaf hY qy JftF vI munvfeIaF hn. ies krky mYN sLrq ijq geI hF. vydF purfxF
df vfsqf pf ky kihxf ik iesqrI dIaF JftF munIaF nhI jf skdIaF, ieh gurU sfihb dI
ikrq nhI hY ikAuNik iksy dUsry Drm dy gRMQF nUM ienHF burf kihxf iksy prm mnuwK
df kMm nhI? Kflsf jI! jy dsm gRMQ gurU sfihb dI ikrq hY qF iPr quhfzy muqfibk qF
gurU goibMd isMG jI sfnUM isrP qy isrP vlF- PrybF qoN ikvyN bicaf jf skdf hY
isKfAux leI hI afey sn. vMngI mfqr dsm gRMQ dI bolI jF pMizq bolI ivc
koksLfsLqr.
"
iqRX kI JFt n mUMzI jfeI] bydpurfnn mY suin pfeI] hiskir rfv bcn XO TfnXo] mYN
apuny ijX sfc n jfnXo] qYN iqRXf hm so JUT AucfrI] hm mUMzYNgy JFit iqhfrI] qyj
asqurf eyk mMgfXo] inj kr gihkY rfv clfXo] qF kI mUMiz JFit sB zfrI] dYkY hsI
cMclf qfrI] icRqr 190] d[ gRM[ pMnf 1081"
vMngI mfqr, dsm gRMQ dI ieh bfxI pVH
sux ky pfT krn vflf ies qoN kI isiKaf gRihx kr irhf hY, agly lyK ivc ilK Byjxf
jI. myrI smJ, " vfirs sLfh rMin jd myhrbfn hovy kujf mUq vflf kwZ vKFvdI ey"
muqfbk ies iqRXf icRqr ivco iehI AuWqm isiKaf imldI hY ky aOrq afpxy sYks dy bl
qy, aqy afdmI dI ies kMmjLorI nUM jfxdI hoeI, afdmI cfhy koeI vI hovy, rfjf hovy
jF koeI sfDfrx afdmI, Aus qoN hr qrHF df mn cfihaf kMm krvf skdI hY. ijLafdf
igxqI ivc afdmI Gr ivc klysL lVfeI qoN bcx leI iesqrI df kihxf vYsy hI svIkfr kr
lYNdy hn qy aOrq nUM koeI vl Pryb krn dI jLrUrq hI nhI pYNdI. ies icRqr ivcoN
koeI isiKaf imldI hovy qF dwsxf jI?
dsm gRMQ dy pMnf 909 qoN 1388 qk
aYsIaF cMcl kfhxIaF nfl Bry pey hn. ienHF ivcoN anUp kuafir/kOr vrgIaF kuwJ
khfxIaF qF ipafrf isMG pdm qy igafnI nrYx isMG muqfbk qF gurU goibMd isMG jI nfl
Kud vfprIaF hn. hux svfl ieh pYdf huMdf hY ky jy Klfsy dI jIvn jFc, ijs qoN
hr-vyly/ smyN dI srkfr nUM Kqrf ho skdf hY, qy vyly dI pVHI ilKI juMzlI (bRfhmx)
nUM Kqrf sI, nUM Kqm krnf hY qF pihlF Kflsy dy gurU dI jIvn jFc nUM Kqm kIqf
jfvy. ies krky hI qF pMizq ny ieh khfxIaF GVIaF hn. iewk pfsy dsLmysL ipqf nUM
srbMsdfnI qy prm mnuwK afK rhy hF qy dUjy pfsy aYsIaF icRqrhIx khfxIaF nUM gurU
ikRq mMnI jf rhy hF. Kflsf jIE, quhzy dsm gRMQ muqfibk qF iewk vwKry Kflsy df
jnm ho igaf lwgdf hY?
dsm gRMQ pMnf 916 icRqr
82:
jhFgIr afidl mir gXo] sLfihjhF hjriq
jU BXo] dirXf KF pr aiDk irsfXo] mfrn chXo hfQ nih afXo]
afidl df mqlb hY inaFkfr. ijs gurU
goibMd isMG jI dy dfdy ipqf gurU hirgoibMd sfihb jI nUM 8-12 sfl qk jhFgIr ny
jyl ivc zwkI rwiKaf hovy, pV-dfdy ipqf gurU arjn dyv jI nuM qwqI qvI qy ibTf ky
AuproN qwqI ryq pf ky ijAuNdy jIa sfV idwqf igaf hovy, ies qrHF dy rfjy nUM gurU
goibMd isMG jI dI klm kdy vI inaFkfr nhI ilK skdI? bfkI jhFgIr ny qujky jhFgIr
ivc iswK lihr nUM JUT dI dukfn ikhf hY, ‘dukfn ey bfqfl dukfn ey bfqfl’ . ies dy
bfvjUd vI qusIN iks dlIl nfl ieh mMnx nUM iqafr ho ik gurU goibMd isMG jI jhFgIr
nUM inaFkfr ilK skdy hn?
swq vfr kwZI sLrfb dy rMg:
ho sfqbfr midXfn qyN mdih cuafie
kir.5] icRqr 296, pMnf 1244]
blI afT sY mihK mMgfXo] BwC Boj pkvfn
pkfXo] mdrf aiDk qhf lY Drf sfq bfr ju cuafiein krf]10] icRqr 330] pMnf
1286]
soeI md lY qhf isDfeI sfq bfr bhu BFq
cuafeI]icRqr 381, pMnf1337]
mYN ipMz dy rihx vflf hox krky sLrfb
ivcoN iek vfr hor sLrfb kwZx bfry qF suixaf sI pr swq vfr sLrfb ivcoN sLrfb kwZx
dI gwl qF dsm gRMQ ivcoN hI suxI hY. Kflsf jIE dsm gRMQ pVH ky qF ieMJ lgdf hY
ik gurU amrdfs jI dy ies sLbd dI jLrUrq hI muk geI hY:
mfxsu Biraf afixaf mfxsu Biraf afie]
ijqu pIqY miq dUir hoie brlu pvY ivic
afie] afpxf prfieaf n pCfxeI Ksmhu Dky Kfey] ijq pIqY Ksmu ivsrY drgh imlY
sjfie]m:3, pMnf 554]
gurmiq hr iksm dy nsLy dI ivroDqf
krdI hY qy ies slok ivc Kfs krky sLrfb dI inKyDI kIqI geI hY. ieQoN qk ik
gurUbfxI ivc cMcl suBfE dI vI inKydI kIqI geI hY. cMcl suBfE nUM vI gurUbfxI QF
QF kwtdI af rhI hY. awj ijhVy vI mnuwK zwt ky dsm gRMQ dI vkflq kr rhy hn, Auh
ienHF do afpf ivroDI ivcfrDfrf vfly slokF bfry jLrUr ilK dyx ik ienHF ivcoN
ikhVf slok sMsfrI jIvF vfsqy lfhyvMd hY? ikhVf sfnUM mMn lYxf cfhIdf hY qy iks
nUM nkfr dyxf cfhIdf hY ikAuNik ieh do vwKrIaF ivcfrDfrf ieko iswK Drm df aMg
nhI ho skdIaF.
kys nfs isiKaf dsm gRMQ
ivcoN:
1699 dI ivsfKI nUM Klfsy leI kys
rwKxy lfjLmI krfr dyx vfly gurU sfihb kI afpxy hI hwQIN kys Auqfrn vfly pfAUzr
vrqx dI KulH dsm gRMQ ivc dy skdy hn? nhI.
ijhVy gurU sfihb ny afpxy hwQIN Klfsy
nUM pMj krfrF dI bKisLsL kIqI hovy, EhI gurU sfihb iksy aOrq dy iksy afdmI nfl
lMbf smf sLrIrk sMbMiD (njfiejL) bxfeI rwKx leI qy Ausy hI aOrq dy afpxy pqI dy
awKF ivc Gwtf pf ky Bog (sYks) krn leI, kys nfsk pfAuzr vrqx dI qjLvIj kdy vI
nhI sn kr skdy.
dsm gRMQ dI bfxI ieMJ hY.
qFih kys air bkqR lgfXo] sb kysn kO
dUir krfXo] purK qy iesqRI kir zfrI] imq piq lY qIrQn isDfrI] icRqr 138, pMnf
1017]
Aus dy mUMh qy vfl sfP qyl lfieaf aqy
Ausdy vfl sfP kr idwqy. AusnuM purK qoN iesqrI bxf idwqf aqy imqr qy pqI nUM nfl
lY ky qIrQ Xfqrf qy cwl peI.
boil Byd sb ipXih isKfXo] romnfs iqh
bdn lgfXo] sB hI kys dUr kir zfry] purK nfir nih jfq ibcfry] icRqr 352, pMnf
1308]
hor vI keI aYsy slok dsm gRMQ ivc hn
ijnHF ivc kys nfs/ kys Auqfrn leI pfAuzr jF qyl lfAux dI pysLksL kIqI geI hY.
ieh gRMQ AusI gurU sfihb df nhI ho skdf ijsny Kflsy nUM kys rwKx/nf kwtx leI
iqafr br iqafr kIqf hovy? iswK sMgqy quhzf ies bfry kI iKafl hY?
akfl purK df ibafn krdy gurU goibMd
jI jfpu sfihb ivc ibafn krdy hn ik Ausdf koeI rUp nhI rMg nhI jfq nhI pfiq nhI
qy koeI ieh nhI kih skdf ik pRmfqmf iks qrHF df hY. bfkI agly hPiqaF
ivc.
guru pMQ df dfs,
gurcrn isMG ( ijAux vflf )
brYNmtn
