| . |
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‘ guir
kfZI bfh kukIjY ]’
sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb
dy 1326 pMny qy aMikq-" sMqhu sunhu sunhu jn BfeI guir kfZI bfh kukIjY
]" pfvn pMgqI dy arQ sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb drpx dI nOvIN poQI dy 528 sPLy
qy ieAuN dy hn:-"hy sMq jno ! hy Brfvo ! bFhF KVIaF krkyy kUk pukfrF kr rhy
afpxy gurU dI gwl iDafn nfl suxo ?" pMj BUqk srIr smy ajyhy bcn Epry anuBv
nhIN sn ho skdy . jnmq-(jnm lYx smy qoN hI) siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI joiq dy
sdIvI mflk sRI gurUgRMQ sfihb jIE ! quhfzy ies pfvn srUp ivcoN vI KVIaF bfhF nfl
AuhI kUk pukfrF suxIaF jfx df kI Bfv hY jI ? gurU gRMQ sfihb rUp hfjLrf hjLUr
siqgurU nfnk sfihb jIE ! quhfQoN ibnf ienHF ‘kUk pukfrF’ dI aslIaq kOx
smJfvy ? afpxy vfhn (-svfrI) ‘gruV’ (iewk pMCI) nfl glF krdy Bgvfn ‘ivsLnUM
nUM sux ky iliKaf ‘gruV purfx’ hjLfrF sflF qoN ihMdU imrqkF dy pfr-Auqfry df
sfDn smiJaf jf rhy hox qoN pRyrq ho ky, quhfzf ieh inmfxf dfsrf, quhfQoN sux smJ
ky iswK jgq nUM ienHF kUk pukfrF dy kfrnF qoN sucyq krn leI bycYn ho irhf hY jI.
idn rfq eyvy hI kurlf irhf sF, afKLr imhrF dy BMzfr gurdyv jI ny kUk pukfrF df
kfrn bx rhIaF ‘pujfrIaF’ dIaF aQvf zyrfvfdI sfD lfxy dIaF gurmiq ivroDI
kflIaF krqUqF dI, aqy swDrF nfl isrjy (aKOqI) KLflsf jI dIaF duKdfeI lfprvfhIaF
dI iPLlm, dfsry dy mn dIaF aKIaF sfhmixAuN lMGfAuxI afrMB kr idwqI . Jt hI ieAuN
pRqIiq hoieaf ijvyN guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6 ny gurU gRMQ sfihb-rUp siqgurU nfnk
sfihb nUM Zfihaf hoieaf hY qy AuWpr ciVHaf, mihrF dy sFeIN jIE ! dfsry nUM ajyhf
iBafnk idRsLÎ iks dosL kfrn ivKfieaf ?’ sroq hoeI, dsmduafr ivcdI lMG rhy ies
sB kuJ nUM iekfgrqf nfl vyKI-ivcfrI jfAu . vrq rhy gurmiq ivroDI BfixaF qoN
afpxy afp sfrI sbulbulIaF vjfAuNdf BMgVf pf irhf hovy aqy kol Kloqf ‘iKV iKV
hwsdf’ aigafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI guriblfs nUM hlfsLyrIaF dy irhf hyovy ?
hosL hvfs guMm kr dyx vfly ies iBafnk duKFq nUM vyKdy sfr ihrdf kurlfieaf-‘hy
imJ af jfxI hY.". ‘mn, buwDI’ suriq’ ny jo kuJ qy smiJaF Aus sfry
duKFq df vyrvf pMQ drdI prclq ho cuwkI Ausy hI mrXfdf anusfr gurU bfxI dI ivsLfl
poQI nUM sdIvI ‘XfrvF
gurU nfnk’ Qfp idwqf, Bfv gurmiq
igafn dy gurUgRMQ rUp ‘vjd’
nUM sdIvI gurU nfnk jI bxf idwqf sI. pr
11 sfl dI Aumry jnmq siqgurU nfnk gurmuKF dI jfxkfrI leI ies prkfr hY:-
aiDkrn pihlf
(A)- gurdyv jI dy pfvn srUp qoN hoeI sRoq- "jnmq
siqgurU nfnk jI ny afpxI guirafeI dI ijLmyvfrI sMBflx Xog smJ ky 17 hfV sMmq
1596 nUM bfbf lhxf jI nUM siqgurU aMgd bxfAux lwigaF jo mrXfdf sQfpq kIqI, sn
1708 nUM dsm gurU nfnk, gurU goibMd isMG jI ny- sloku mÚ 1] dieaf kpfh
sMqoKu sUqu jqu gMZI squ vtu ] eyhu jnyAU jIa kf heI q pfzy Gqu ] nf eyhu qutY
nf mlu lgY nf eyhu jlY n jfie ] DMnu su mfxs nfnkf jo gil cly pfie ] cAukiV muil
axfieaf bih cAukY pfieaf ] isKf kMin cVfeIaf guru bRfhmxu iQaf ] Ehu muaf Ehu
JiV pieaf vyqgf gieaf ]1]" gurmiq bcnF dy aDfr qy bRfhmx gurU dy jnyAU
nUM kyvl rwd hI nf sI kIqf sgoN luwt nIqI dI Aupj sUq dy Aus nfsvMq jnyAU dI
aslIaq vI nMgI kr idwqI . bRhfmx ny gurU nfnk jI dy juIvn qoN aQvf AunHF dy
gurmiq igafn joiq qoN asMKF dmiVaF dI afmdn vfly afpxy krmkFzI mfieaf jfl dy
KLfqmy df iBafnk KLqrf jfx ilaf hoieaf hY. hux dsm siqgurU nfnk sfihb df
AuWqr-aiDkfrI bxy hox dy kfrn "XfrHvF sdIvI siqgurU nfnk" nfmxf
isKF ivc prclq rihx qoN bRfhmx nUM afpxy ‘krmkFzI mfieaf jfl’ df ibsqrf gol
huMdf idws irhf hY. nfnk nfmxy vfly myry (gurU gRMQ sfihb dy) vjUd nUM
bRfhmx hr hflq ivc KLqm hoieaf vyKx leI bycYn hY. ‘guur’
aqy ? ‘guirafeI’
sLbdF ivclf aMqr smJx qoN hIxy bRfhmxI pujfrIvfd dI kutl nIqI dy kfbU afey myry "aKOqI
KLflsy" ny ‘BfdoN
sudI eykm sMmq 1661’ inrol
bRfhmxI JUT nUM pihlf prkfsL idhfVf
bxf ilaf . Auuprokq ‘idhfVf-bdlI’
vI guuruuU nfnk jI dI iswKI df KLfqmF krn leI imQy tIcy (Goal)
vwl nUM pwuitaf vYrI df gMBIr kdm hY.
Aus qoN vfprn vflf duKFq myrIaF (Bfv, gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dIaF) ‘kUk
pukfrF’ df pihlf kfrn bx irhf
hY".
gurmuK ipafry sUJvfn pMQ drdI, hy pfTk swjx jIE ! sMKyp ivc
ilKy ‘kUk pukfrF’ dy Auprokq pihly kfrn df aqIaMq duKdfeI ipCuokV
ivsQfr sihq smJx leI-"hoie iekqR imlhu myry BfeI duibDf dUir krhu ilv
lfie " gurU
AupdysL dI pflxf ivc gurmiq ivcfrF leI iekfgrqf nfl ‘gurU-hjLUrI’?
ivc juV bYTIey:-"guru
myrY sMig sdf hY nfly ] ismir ismir iqsu sdf smÙfly ]" pfvn
bcnF dI Xfd bxI rihxI hI gurU hjLUrI hY:-
(a)- bfbf
lhxf jI nUM afpxf AuWqr-aiDkfrI itwk lYx vflI jnmq siqguurU nfnk sfihb jI dI
inafrI sUJ-bUJ bfry gurbfxI ivc do guurUsLbd hn. eyQy kyvl Zwukdy
guuruUbcn-" guir cyly rhrfis kIeI nfnik slfmiq QIvdY ] sih itkf idqosu jIvdY
]"{966}-sRI
gurU gRMQ sfihb drpx dI sqvIN poQI dy 229 sPLy anusfr-pd
arQ:-guir=gurU
ny, gurU nfnk dyv jI ny . cyly rhrfis=cyly (bfbf lhxf jI) dI rhrfis Bfv=ardfs,
prnfm, nmskfr . kIeI=kIqI . guir nfnik=gurU nfnk ny . slfmiq QIvdY= afpxI slfmqI
ivc hI, srIrk qOr qy ijAUNidaF hI . sih=shu ny, mflk ny, gurU ny . idqos=idwqf,
Aus (lhxf jI) ƒ idwqf, jIvdY= ijAUNidaF hI . Bfv, jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI ny
bfbf lihxf jI nUM gurU aMgd sfihb bxf ky AunHF nUM afpxy inrml pMQIaF dI
agvfeI dI pUrI ijLmyvfrI afpxy jIvn kfl dy ivc hI sONpI sI. (*sLMkf-kI
sfry dsoN gurU sfihbfn afpxy jIvn kfl ivc guirafeI nhIN sn sONpdy rhy
? Auwqr-‘nhIN’.
ijs qrHF jIvn kfl ivc guirafeI jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb ny sONpIN sI Auh kyvl
AunHF dy ihwsy df hI gurU ieiqhfs hY . ikAuNik,
gurU nfnk sfihb jI ny
bfbf lihxf jI nUMM apxy QF gurU aMgd sfihb
imqI 17 hfV sMmq 1596-nUM Qfipaf, pr afp imqI 23 asU sMmq 1596, (22 sqMbr sn
1539) nUM joqI joiq smfey . arQfq krIb 3 mhIny gurU aMgd jI nUM gurU rUp ivc vyK
prK lYx vflI (hor sfry 9 guuruU sfihbfn nfloN inafrI) Aucycqf AuprMq gurdyv jI
Aus prm joqI ivc lIn hoey sn. Auprokq pfvn guurU PLurmfn ivc iesy hI
ieiqhfsk scfeI vl iesLfrf hY} afpxy QF guirafeI sONpx vflf jo nIam jnmq siqgurU
nfnk sfihb jI ny sQfpq kIqf sI, Aus dI ivafiKaf rUp pRoVqf gurU bfxI ivc ies
pRkfr hY-"joiq Ehf
jugiq sfie
sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY ]"{966}
gurmiq df ieh pfvn isDFq dsvyN srUp qwk (8 kwqk sMmq 1765/ 7 akqUbr sn 1708 qwk)
inrMqr iniBaf . agly siPLaF dy ivsQfr nf ilKIaF jf rhIaF gurmiq ivcfrF qoN ies
scfeI bfry pfTkF nUM sLMkf rihq XkIn bx jfvygf.
(e) - agy
clx qoN pihlF-"joiq
Ehf jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY ]"{966}
mhFpunIq gurUbfxI dI pMgqI ivcly "jugiq
sfie"aqy "joiq
Ehf" pfvn bcnF df aMqrIv
gurmiq-Bfv smJ lYxf jLrUrI hY-jugiq
sfie"-df
Bfv-Auh jIvn jugiq ijs qoN inrml-pMQIaf pUrn sMq aqy aduwqI joDf bixaf sI, aqy
"joiq
Ehf"-‘jnmq
siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI Auh ‘igafn joiq’ ijs nUM afpxy kr kMvlF nfl ilKdy
rih ky poQI sfihb-" poQI prmysr kf Qfnu ]"
rUp dy idwqf sI ijs pfvn poQI sfihb nUM BfeI gurdfs jI ny afpxI pihlI vfr
ivc "ikqfb"
nfmxy nfl ieAuN do vfr ijLkr kIqf hoieaf hY:-(1)-"afsf
hwQ ikqfb
kwC kUjf bFg muswlf DfrI]"
(1-32-2) aqy –(2)-"puCx
Kol ikqfb
nUM vzf ihMdU kI muslmfnoeI]"(1-33-3).
ies ikqfb, pusqk aQvf "poQI
prmysr kf Qfnu ]" ivclf gurmiq
igafn hI sfrI gurU bfxI dI afDfr isLlf hY. sfrI gurbfxI Esy pfvn ‘ikqfb’
ivcly igafn dI hI ivafiKaf-rUp gurmiq-BMzfrf
hY .(Note:-gurU nfnk
sfihb jI dI ijhVI poQI sfihb nUM BfeI gurdfs jI ny ‘ikqfb’
iliKaf hY dfsry dI mUrK sLrDf ny Ausy ikqfb nUM "poQI
prmysr kf Qfnu ]" mMn ilaf hoieaf
hY. dfsry ny lg Bg hr bfr siqgurU nfnk jI dI ‘Ehf igan joiq’ leI "poQI
prmysr kf Qfnu ]" pfvn pMgqI vrqI
hoeI hY. afs hY gurmuK pfTkF nUM ies qoN koeI ieqrfjL nhIN hox lwgf?) Ausy scu
qoN dfsry vfsqy ies akwt scfeI ny pRgtrUp Dfr ilaf hY ik sfrI gurbfxI jnmq
siqgurU nfnk dI afpxI hI igafn
joiq hY jo dsm srUp qwk shI slfmq puwjI
aqy AuhI gurmiq igafn-joiq ‘jugo jug atwl’ ‘guurU
gRMQ sfihb rUp siqgurU
nfnk sfihb jI’ sfzy anUpm rihbr hn .
pr mUrqI pUjf dy sMskfr sFBI bYTy nfsvMq akfr dy drsLnF dy BrmIaF ‘asF
isKF’ ny afkfr rihq aidRsLt ‘sLbd
igafn rUp’ afpxy scy (-sdIvI) siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI pCfx awj qwk vI nf kIqI
?
(s)- Xfd
rKx vflf Aucycf ieiqhfsk swc-(1)-bRfhmxI
mq nUM hI gurmiq bxf dyx dI bRhmxI Xojnf dI pUrqI ivc ruJf hoieaf, rfmfiex[
mhFBfrq ijhy sPLl kfv ilKx vfly aqy buwD Drm df Bfrq ivcoN KLfqmf kr dyx vflf
qjrbykfr khfxI GfVf bhurUpIaf vYrI, gurbfxI aqy gurU ieiqhfs bfry loVINdIaF
XfddfsLqF iqafr krdf rihx leI bVI ZITqfeI nfl gurU drbfrF ivc sdf Gusiraf rihMdf
hox dy akwt sbUq pfvn gurbfxI ivcoN:-
1 - slok mÚ 4 ] sfkq
jfie invih gur afgY min Koty kUiV kUiVafry ] jf guru khY AuThu myry BfeI bih
jfih Gusir bgulfry ] gurisKf aMdir siqguru vrqY cuix kZy lDovfry ] Eie agY ipCY
bih muhu Cpfieinn rlnI Kotyafry ] Enf df BKu su EQY nfhI jfie kUVu lhin Byzfry ]
jy sfkqu nru KfvfeIaY locIaY ibKu kZY muiK Auglfry ] hir sfkq syqI sMgu n krIahu
Eie mfry isrjxhfry]{312}
muV muV af Gusrdf ieh sfkq kOx sI isvfey ibwpR vYrI dy ?
imTbolVy DIrjvfn siqgurU jI vloN peI imTI JfV ?-"jf guru khY AuThu myry
BfeI bih jfih Gusir bgulfry]" Bfv, gurU jI dI hjLUrI ivc juV bYTI
sfD-sMgiq ivc KotI nIaq nfl ‘bgilaF’ vFg Gusry rihMdy-ibwpR nUM imTI JfV aqy
gurmuKF nUM sucyq rihx df hokf . inrsMdyh gurdyv jI df sMkyq Ausy sUhIey vl hY
jo vYr nIaq nfl guruU sMgiq ivc afAuNdy gurisKF ivc Gusiraf rihMdf afpxI XojnF
nUM nypry cfV irhf sI .- 2-
iPr gurdyv jI df ieh pfvn bcn-"siqgur kI rIsY hoir kcu ipcu boldy sy
kUiVafr kUVy JiV pVIaY ] EnÙf aMdir horu muiK horu hY ibKu mfieaf no JiK mrdy
kVIaY ]"
{gAu:vfr:m: 4]pMnf-305} spwsLt kr rhy hn ik ‘nfnk’ nfm nfl kwcI ipwlI bfxI
rc rhy vI jnyAU rd kIqf jfx vfly idn qoN vYrI bx bYTy dy isvf hor kOx sI
? hjLfrF sflF qoN ividaf qoNN kory rKy hoey BfrqIaF ivcoN isvfey kUt bRfhmx
vYrIaF dy Kot rlI kcI bfxI hor iks ny ilKxI sI ? ies qoN ielfvf rsoeIaf, rmlIaF
aQvf ‘syvfdfr lfgI’ dy rUp ivc ieh pRoihq afpxI phuMc gurU GrF ivc sdf bxfeI
rKdf hox dI toh vI gurbfxI ivcoN hI pRfpq ho rhI hY .-3-sfihbjLfdf
hirgoibMd jI nUM iek bRfhmx pfpI duafrf dhIN ivc jLihr dyx dy asPLl Xqn df
Aujfgr sbUq Audfhrx vjoN ieh pfvn quk:-BYrAu mhlf 5 ] lypu n lfgo iql kf mUil
] dustu bRfhmxu
mUaf hoie kY sUl ]1]{1137} arQ:-hy
BfeI ! (prmfqmf dI imhr afpxy syvk AuWqy hoeI hY, bflk (gurU) hirgoibMd
AuWqy Aus dusLt dI mMdI krqUq df) iblkul rqf Br BI mfVf asr nhIN ho sikaf (pr
gurU dy prqfp nfl Auh) cMdrf bRfhmx (pyt ivc) sUl AuWTx nfl mr igaf
hY .1.{sRI gu:gRM:d: poQI 8 sPLf 313} nvyN qoN nvyN hr Zuwkvy Bys ivc
bRfhmx sUhIaf, gurU drbfrF dy nfl gurU pRvfrF ivc vI viVaf rih ky Xog smy qy
vrqI jfx leI gurU ieiqhfs bfry pUrI jfxkfrI dy loVINdy Notes
ilK ky kFsLI Byjdf rihMdf sI. vYrIaF dI ies krqUq nUM qfV rhy gurU rfmdfs jI
gurbfxI dI punr sMpfdnf vflf sukfrj BfvyN afp hI kr lYNdy pr-"gih Bujf
lIno dfsu apno joiq joqI rlI ]" pMj BUqk srIr dI sMsfr qoN sdIvI
ivdfiegI df hukm CyqI af igaf. hux ieh kfrj dYvI brkqF vfly AunHF dy spuwqr
siqgurU arjn sfihb jI ny krnf sI .
(h)- pMcm siqgurU nfnk sfihb gurU arjn jI ny gurbfxI suriKaq
kr leI:- sujfn pfTkF dy Aucycy iDafn dI
mMg kr irhf ieh Bfxf- gRMQI, kQfkfr, rfgI ZfzI afid sfzy AupdysLk prcfr kr rhy
huMdy hn ik ‘pMjvy pfqsLfh jI’
kol jd gur bfxI ivwc vYrI Kot rlf rhy dIaF sLkfieqF puwjIaF qF aKy AunHF ny sfrI
gurbfxI nUM kiQq Kot qoN rihq krky iewko poQI ivc ilKx leI vwsoN qo htvyN
"rfmsr" (Aus smy pfxI dI CotI ijhI CwpVI) igrdy dy sMGxy bx nUM iekFq
QF jfx ky qMbU knfqF lfAux df hukm dy idwqf. kyvl BfeI gurdfs jI nUM kol rihx dI
Cot nfl bfkI sfiraF leI qMbU dy aMdr Jfkx dI vI mnfhI kr idwqI . Bfv, pihlF ilKI
bfxI dy Auqfry nfl iewko poQI ilKx dy sukfrj leI pMcm siqgurU jI ny bVy sLfhI
prbMDF ivc iGrI ajyhI iekFq ivc kIqf sI ijQy jLrf ijMnI vI iekFq nhI sI
rih kdI ? (not:-ieAuN iswD huMdf hY ijvyN kQfkfrF ZfzIaF afid prcfrkF dy
AupoRokq vrxn BfsLn guriblfs dI kQf qoN hI prclq hoey sn, ikAuNik keI prkfr dy
purfxk ZMg dIaF JUTIaF khfxIaf nfl sLfhI prbMDF vflf gurmiq ivroDI iKlfrf eysyy
ilKfrI ny hI iliKaf hY).
pr Aus smy dy hflfq kuJ hor qrHF dIaF pukfrF kr rhy hn ? (1)-pMcm
gurdyv jI Buwly hoey nhIN sn ik AunHF dy nfnf gurdyv siqgurU amrdfs jI nUM idwlI
dy smrft df hukm afAux kfrn guruU nfnk sfihb jI dI poQI (Auproq –-e-pYry
vflI siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI ikqfb) dy smyq gurU amrdfs jI dI sfrI bfxI sLfhI
drbfr ivc pysL krn leI AunHF dy ipqf gurdyv ‘jyTf’ jI nUM
(guurUrfmdfs jI df pYdfiesLI nfm ‘jyTf’ sI) do vfr jfxf ipaf sI. nvIN qoN
nvINn qrjL dIaF kIqIaF jf rhIaF cugLlIaF qoN guurU nfnk sfihb dI iswKI mugLlIaf
srkfr dIaF awKIaF ivc kMkr vFg rVkx lwg peI hox qoN vI pMcm pfqsLfh jI pUrI qrHF
sucyq sn. (2)-Auprokq-(e)-pYrf
ivc ivcfry gursLbdF dy aDfr qy spwsLt ho cuwikaf hY ik bRfhmxI ‘cugLl-jfsUsF’
dI phuMc gurU drbfr qoN awgy guruU GrF qwk ho jfxI vI aOKI nhIN sI rhI hoeI.
iqafr hoeIaF gurbfxI dIaF poQIaF df Auqfrf iewk poQI ivc krdy smy kiQiq Kot kwZI
jfxf vI prm sujfn gurdyv jI leI koeI smwisaf nhI sI. ajyhy hflfq ivc kiQq rfmsr
ivKy qMbU knfqf lfAux df byloVf ivKfvf (jo inrsLMdyoh 200 sfl huMdI rhI guriblfs
dI kQf qoN jnimaf) gurmiq rihxI dy ankUl nf hox dy kfrn pMcm siqguuruU nfnk jI
ny ajyhf azMbr kdy vI pRvfn nhIN sI krnf . iPr "nfmu
bIju sMqoKu suhfgf rKu grIbI vysu ]"-jgq
nUM ‘grIbI vys rKx df AudysL aQvf-"ruKI suKI Kfie kY TMZf pfxI pIAu ]"
Auh vI gujLfry anusfr QoVf Kfx pIx dI," aMnu pfxI QoVf Kfieaf"
isiKaf, hr pwKoN sfdgI vrqx dI isiKaf idRV krf rhy gurdyv jI bfry ieh ikhf jf
irhf hY ik pihlF ilKIaF kuJ pfvn poQIaF qoN ieko poQI ivc kyvl Auqfrf ilKx leI
GroN htvIN AujfV QfvyN qMbUaF knfqF rUp ivsLfl sLfhI ivKfvf iKlfr bYTy sn ?
ajyhI ivKfvf iekFq jo gurmiq dy vYrIaF ny kdy siQr nhIN sI rihx dyxI prm sujfn
gurdyv jI ny kdy vI prvfn nhIN sI krnI . (sfzy mfqf) gMgf jI dI syvf sMBfl vfly
Gr dI invyklI QF nflo hor cMgI QF ikhVI ho skdI sI. afpxy prvfr dy hI ivdvfn
ilKfrI BfeI gurdfs jI nUM nfl lY lYxf kfPLI sI. ajoky 1430 siPLaF vflf gurU gRMQ
sfihb iek sfl qoN vwD smy ivc iqafr hoieaf mMinaF igaf hY. pr jd prm-sujfn
gurdyv jI afp hI bol ky ilKf rhy hox qF, BfeI gurdfs jI vrgf isdkI qy isrVI
ilKfrI sfry idn ivc jy Gto Gwt 5 sPLy vI ilKI rKdy qF 290 idnF dy aMdr aMdr sfrf
kfrj sihl hI nypry cV jfxf sI. sfl dy idn qF sgo 365 huMdy hn? ivKfvf ieAuN kIqf
jf irhf hY ijvyN sYNkVy Auqfry iqafr kIqy gey hox ? kI pqf AunHF dohF mhfn
sKsLIaqF ny ieh kfrj kuJ mhIinaF ivc kr sMBfl ilaf hovy ? sLhIdI vflf kihr vrqn
smy qk poQI sfihb dI ajy iksy nUM sUh qk vI nf sI lwgI.
(k)-
trFto dy vsnIk gurmiq dy KojI-
‘igafnI hrijMdr
isMG jI qoN pRfpq hoeI sUcnf anusfr gurU qygLbhfdr sfihb jI ny afpxI bfxI vI
ZwukvyN QfvF qy afp hI *drj
kr ky dsLmysL nUM guirafeI sONpx smy Auh pfvn poQI vI AunHF dy spurd kr idwqI sI
. *jLrUrI not:-Auprokq
sUcnf nUM JuTlfAux leI dfsry kol koeI dlIl nf hox kfrn Aus nUM sc mMn lYx ivc vI
koeI hrj nf jfixaF . ikAuNik-(1)-
mhfn kosL anusfr afkfsLoN DrqI qy AuqrI ‘Bgvfn
isLv jI dI ‘purI’
kFsLI bRfhmxvfdI
ividaf df pRiswD kyNdr hY aqy jo siqguurU nfnk sfihb jI dI iswKI dy vYrIaF dy,
aQvf gurmiq igafn dy kwtV ivroDIaF df gVH hY Aus nfl iswKI df kI vfsqf ? dsLmysL
jI ny qlvMzI sfbo nUM iks KLusLI ivc jF iks mjbUrI kfrn "guurU
kI kFsI" bxfAuxf sI? -(2)-
iPr iek pwK ieh internet
qy cl rhI ivdvfnf dI crcf vflf Learning zone
ivsLv Br ivc jfixaf vriqaf jf irhf hY. Brampton (Canada)
dy vfsI ivdvfn nOjvfn gurpRIq isMG ‘smrf’ dy ilKy gurmiq dI sUJ krf rhy lyK
bVy slfhy jFdy hox dy kfrn Auprokq vrxn learning zone
ivc aqy iswK ivrsf ivc inrMqr Cp rhy hn. Aus ivdvfn bytf jI ny igafnI jgqfr isMG
jI jfck jo hirmMdr sfihb dy gRMQI rih cuwky hn aqy hux inAUXfrk amrIkf dy
gurduafry ivc gRMQI dI pdvI qy ssLoBq hn df- sLRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dy ‘dmdmI
srUp’ df ieiqhfsk swc’-isrlyK
hyT iliKaf Internet
qo pRfpq hoieaf lyK dfsry nUM vI ilaf idwqf. Aus dy qIjy sPLy dy bVy arQ BrpUr
ieh bcn-"vIhvIN sdI dy muwZly dOr ivwc rcIaF do rcnfvF ‘pMQ pRkfsL qy
qvfrIKL gurU KLflsf’ ivwc sfbo kI qlvMzI (biTMzy) ivKy sMn 1705 (sMmq 1762)
nUM gurU jI vloN, kyvl DIrml df AulHfmf (jy ‘gibMd isMG’ afpxy afp nUM gurU
aKvFdf hY qF Auh nvIN bIV Aucfrn kr lvy) Auqfrn leI Aucfrn kIqI bIV dI
ielfkfpRsqI dy pRBfv hyT GVI khfxI, ieiqhfsk-swc dy sfhmxy muwZoN hI rwd ho jFdI
hY . ikAuNik, Bwt vhIaF dI pRmfxIk qy akwt gvfhI iswD krdI hY ik bfbf DIrmwl qy
Auhdy byty rfm cMd nUM qF gurU goibMd isMG jI dy gurgwdI bYTx dy pihly sfl ivwc
aqy gurU jI dy sfbo kI qlvMzI phuMcx qoN 29 sfl pihlF hI bfdsLfh aOrMgjLyb df
hukm nfl sMmq 1733 (sMn 1676) ivwc igRPqfr kIqf jf cuwkf sI aqy iPr rxQMbOr dy
ikly ivwc njLrbMd rwiKaf iPr agly hI sfl sMn 1734 (sMn 1677) ivwc AuQy hI kql vI
kr idwqf igaf sI aqy Aus dy byty ‘rfm cMd’ nUM sMmq 1735 (sMn 1678) ivwc
(kql krvf idwqf). ipMRsIpl hrBjn isMG jI dI pusqk ‘ibbyk buiD’ ivKy pMnf 132’
qy Bwt vhIaF dI ilKq ies pRkfr hY: "sMmq 1733 ibkrmI asU vdI duafdsLI nUM
bfbf bkflf qoN bfbf DIrmwl jI idwlI srkfr dy bulfey idwlI nUM gey" jo iPr
kdy vI nf muVy . so kdy nf Buwlx jog eyh sLMkf rihq swcfeI hY ik gurU
qygLbhfdr sfihb jI dI bfxI sRI anMdpur rihMdy smy hI ‘poQI sfihb’ ivc ilKI
jf cuwkI sI .
(K)- guriblfs
pfqsLfhI 6’ pusqk df anoKf kfrf?:-gurmiq
df Gfq krn leI iqafr kIqI jf rhI smwgRI ivco ‘guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6’
pihlI pusqk sI jo kFsI dy ivdvfnf dIaF afsF AumIdf qy pUrI AuqrdI sI. Aus nUM
isKF dI Drmsflf df sMBflU, sMcflk qy gurmiq df prcfrk bx bYTy AudfsI inrmly mhMq
rUp bRfhmx pujfrIaF kol pucf idqf igaf . Aus smy dy gRMQI ajoky muK pujfrI sRI
akfl qKLq aigafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI ny Aus guriblfs dy rcnf kfl df
inrxf krn leI kIqI Koj df vyrvf pusqk dI BUimkf dy 66 sPLy qoN ilKxf afrMB krky
iswtf 69 sPLy qy ies pRkfr iliKaf hY-"guriblfs
dI rcnf df kfrj iek jyT 1774 ib: nUM afrMB hoieaf aqy 22 idn sfvx bIiqaF 1775
ib: (sMn 1718) nUM smfpq hoieaf.
Bfv, siqgurU gRMQ sfihb
nUM guirafeI sONpI jfx dy 10 sflF dy aMdr aMdr hI ieh pusqk iqafr ho geI sI . sn
1718 (sMmq 1775) ivc ivc ilK rhy guriblfs dy ilKfrI nUM ieh pUrf igafn sI ik
gurU arjn sfihb jI ny gurU nfnk sfihb jI dy smy qoN iekwqr hoeI (Bgq-mhFpurKF dy
bfxI smyq sfrI pMjF gurU sfihbfn dI) bfxI nUM iewko poQI ivc ilK ky inwjI sMBfl
ivc lY ilaf hoieaf sI. hr pwKoN sucyq aqy inafrIaF cVqF sihq blvfn ho cuwky
KLflsf jI dy huMidaF iksy hor ivDI nfl nvF ‘gurU gRMQ sfihb’ isrj ilaf hox
dI gfQf ilK ky dsLmysL jI dy kIqy sukfrj nUM insPLl bxfAux df Xqn krnf mOq nUM
swdf dyx vflI mUrKqfeI sI . pr ikAuNik isKF kol guriblfs df kQfkfr isvfey AudfsI
inrmlf rUp bRfhmx vYrI dy dUjf hor koeI hY hI nhIN sI ies leI[ inpuMn kvI aqy
gurmiq dy igafqf ilKfrI ny sfry Jfky lfh ky gur iblfs pusqk dy 56 sLPLy qoN
afrMB hoey cOQy aiDafie dI qIjI cOpeI qoN hI poQIaF qoN kiQq rly qoN kIqI suDfeI
aQvf gurbfxI dy Auqfry nfl iewko poQI iqafr krn dI gl Buwl Bulf ky, gurU arjn
sfihb nUM pfqR dy rUp ivc vrqidaF, gurmiq-igafn dfqf cfnx munfrf nhIN sgoN
sMsfr-sfgr qoN qfrxhfr aQvf kilafx krqy "gurU gRMQ sfihb"dI
isrjxf dI inrmUl gfQf ilKxI afrMB kr idwqI . Audfhrx vjoN:-
cOpeI ] gur arjn min aYsy DfrXo . 5kroN
jqn ijh jg insqfrÎo .
bfxI gurU gurU hY bfxI . 6bydn
qqu miQ buiD mDfxI ]3] 7chu
Kt nO kf sfr inkfrf .8gur
nfnk bfxI 9ivsQfrf
.
ds mhlF qk rUp hfmfry . 9afgy
pUjf ikh insqfry ]4]
qf qy sB bfxI iekwTXo 10
. pUjnIv11
"gur"
gRMQ bnWXo .
qb lO eyk iswK qh . guru arjn ko sIsu inVXo ]5]
pd arQ:- 5-koeI
aYsf AuWdm krF ijs nfl sMsfr dy jIvF df pfrAuqfrf ho sky .6-vydF
dy qq sfr ky kiZaf .7-cfr
vyd Cy sLfsqR nO ivafkrxf df qq .8-sRI
gurU nfnk jI dI bfxI df ibsQfr kIqf hY.-(9u)-ibsqfr=sM[
ivsœfr, sMgXf-PYlfAu.-9-sfzy
joqI joiq smfAux mgro iks dI pUjf jIvF dI kilafn krygI ?-10-iek
QF iekwTI krIey (sB bfxI- qoN ilKfrI df Bfv iks ‘sB bfxI’ qoN hY ?
ikAuNik kiQq qOr qy gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI isrjxf vfly ies lyK ivc ilKfrI ny kyvl
goieMdvfl vflIaF bfbf mohn jI dIaF poQIaF df hI ijLkr kIqf hY . {AuNglF dy igxy
jf skx vfly iswKF qoN vwD, sfry hI isK ies scfeI qoN awj vI axjfx hn ik bfbf
mohn vflIaF poQIaF ivc gurbfxI nhIN sgoN gurmiq ivroDI bRfhmxI kuPLr hI iliKaf
hoieaf hY . ies kfrn gurbfxI dy pwky vYrI, ies ilKfrI df "sB
bfxI" qoN Bfv inrsMdyh bfbf mohn
jI dIaF gurmiq ivroDI poQIaF hI hn)-11-pUjxXog.
Auprokq cOpeIaF ivc huisLafr ilKfrI dyy gurmiq ivroDI
kfiraF df vyrvf ies pRkfr hY:-
(1)- krIb 114 sfl
pihlF df gurU-ieiqhfs ilK rhy ilKfrI ny Auprokq ]3] nMbr cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI df
pihlf awD-"gur arjn min aYsy DfrXo" Bfv-siqgurU jI dy mn dI
Dfrnf nUM ikvyN buwJ ilaf ik Auh jgq insqfry leI koeI Xqn krn lgy sn ? kol bYTy
sfQI dy mn dI gl nhI buJI jf skdI ies ilKFrI ny 114 sfl pihlF joqI-joiq smf
cuwky gurdyv jI dy mn dI gwl ikvyN buwJ leI ? hy pfTk swjx jIE ! kI ieh ieko
pRqwK JUT kfPLI nhIN hY ilKfrI dI klm qoN ilKy sB kuJ nUM inrol JUT mMn lYx leI
?-(2)-
iPr dUjI pMgqI ivc gurU g RMQ sfihb jI
dy 982 aMk vfly ‘nt
mhlf 4 ]’ gurU sLbd dI pMjvI quk dI
pihlI pMgqI -"bfxI gurU gurU hY bfxI ivic bfxI aMimRqu sfry ]"
ivcoN kyvl pihly cfr pd- "bfxI
gurU gurU hY bfxI"- ilK ky sfrI
gurbfxI nUM ‘bwuDI rUp mDfxI nfl irVk ky kiZaf vydF dy qq sfr hox df Brm
bxf idwqf,-(3)-aglI 4 nMbr cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI ivc Aucycy qOr qy kyvl ‘gurU
nfnk sfihb" jI dI hI bfxI ? inrsMdyh AunHF dI Auh- "poQI prmysr kf
Qfnu]" pfvn poQI sfihb hY ijs df ijLkr Auprokq-e-
pYry dy (1)-
(2]-Sub-pYiraF ivc af
cuwkf hY. Aus poQI sfihb ivclI gurbfxI hI "joiq
Ehf" rUp ivc smuwcI pfvn gurUbfxI
dI aDfr isLlf hY. ilKfrI ies scfeI qoN vI BlI BFqI sucyq sI ik iswKF ivc bxy
ivsLvfsL anusfr sfrI gurUbxI Ausy pfvn "ikqfb"
df ("poQI
prmysr kf Qfnu]"df) hI ivsœfr hY.
kutlqf dy isKLr qy jf ibrfjy ies ilKfrI ny Aucycy qOr qy gurU nfnk sfihb jI dI
Ausy "aDfr isLlf" pfvn bfxI nUM hI-"cfr vyd Cy sLfsqR nO
ivafkrxf df qwqÍ" bxf ky bVI cqurfeI nfl ieh kih idwqf ik isKF kol dI
sfrI bxI asl ivc vyd bfxI hI hY ? -(4)-Ausy cOQI hI cOpeI dI dUjI pMgqI
ivc pMcm pfqsLfh jI dI jLbfnI ieh drsf ky, ik, ‘jd dsoN gurU sLrUp joqI joiq
smf cwuky qF lok iks dI pUjf qoN insqfrf pRfpq kiraf krngy’, nfnk pMQIaF dy mn
ivc bxy-‘pUjf kyvl akfl dI’ ivsLvfsL nUM vlUMDiraf hY . aqy iPr-(5)-pMj
nMbr cOpeI dI pihlI pMgqI-"
sB bfxI iekwTX" sfrI bfxI iekwqr krn df Auhlf bxf ky keI
pRkfr dy bRfhmxvfd nUM gurmiq bxf dyx df rfh bxf ilaf. asl ivc ilKfrI df Xqn ieh
Brm pwkf kr lYx df hY ik gurbfxI dy rcyqf, prm igafnI gurU sfihbfn ijnHF bfry
sfzf ivsLvfs ieh hY ik Auh srbklf smrwQ hr pwKo sucyq[ inpuMn dYvI rihbr sn, Auh
prmsujfn gurdyv jI (ilKfrI leI asl ivc) afpxI rcI bfxI-rUp anmol KLjLfny nUM
iksy sMdUk, sMdUkVI almfrI afidk ivc ieko QF itkfeI rwKidaF sMBfl kr lYx jogy vI
nhIN sn ? jd ik ieqhfsk swc iek ieh vI hY ik, pihlI pfvn poQI (ikqfb) qF ieslfm
dy gVH ‘bgLdfd’ ivc ivcridaF smyN vI siqgurU jI dI kwC ivwc hI rhI sI. qdy
hI hfjIaF ny gurdyv jI nUM afpxI Aus pfvn pivwqr"ikqfb" dy hvfly nfl
eImfn dI gwl dsx dI gl puwCI sI-XQf:-
puCn gl eImfn dI kfjLI
mulF iekTy hoeI] vzf sFg vrqfieaf lK n sky kudriq koeI] puCx Kol
ikqfb nUM vzf ihMdU kI muslmfnoeI ] bfbf
afKy hfjLIaF sLuB amlF bfJo dovyN roeI] ihMdU muslmfn doie drgih aMdr lYx n ZoeI
] kcf rMg kusuMB kf pfxI DoqY iQr n rhoeI]6]{vf:1:puA:-33)
so bfxI iekwqr krn vflf sfrf zfrfmf Enf hI gurmiq ivroDI aqy
JUT hY ijMnf gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI isrjxf vflf duKdfeI ‘kuPLr’ Sheer
Lie . aqy iPr JUT-gfQf dy pfqr bxf ley hoey
gurU arjn sfihb jI dI jLbfnI:-
diraf ibafs dy nyVy goieMdfvl rihMdy gurU amrdfs jI dy byty
‘mohn jI’ koloN gurbfxI dIaF poQIaF ilafAux df JUT zrfmf rcf ky keI qrHF dy
gurmiq ivroDI JUT nUM gurmiq df ihwsf bxfAuNidaF ieh pRBfv dy ilaf hY ik gurbfxI
dy rcyqf pihly gurU sfihbfn ny Auh amolk KLjLfnf inwjI sMBfl ivc sMBflI rwKx dy
QF bfbf mohn ijhy ‘nIm pfgLl’ aqy ipqf dy khy qoN bfhr byasUly mnwuK dy
hvfly kr riKaf sI. guriblfs dy 56 sPLy qoN afrMB ho ky 119 sPLy qk ies cOQy
aiDafie ivc iksy pRkfr dIaF poQIaF qoN kIqy Auqfry nfl gRMQ ilK lYx df iesLfrf
qwk nhIN imldf. sfrI bfxI nvyN isry rcI jf rhI df hI pRBfv bxfeI riKaf hY. Bfv
Aus ivc pihlF qoN iqafr huMdI rhI pfvn bfxI df iek sLbd vI nf hox dy kfrn aqy
guriblfs qy qwqkry dy sqvy sPLy qy, RSS dy
pwky eyjMt, pMQ DRohI aigafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI dy ilKy ieh bcn-" sRI
gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI rcnf krn leI suMdr jgHf dI Koj" qsdIkI Certificate
hY ik aslI sRI gurU gRMQ eyhI hY. Bfv,
nfdyV ivKy sn 1708 vfly gurU ieiqhfs qy lkIr ? gRMQ rcnf vfly ies inrmUl zrfmy
bfry dfsry ny guru bfxI dy ies pfvn PLurmfn-"AuGir
gieaf jYsf Kotf ZbUaf ndir srfPf afieaf ] aMqrjfmI sBu ikCu jfnY Aus qy khf
Cpfieaf ]" dy aDfr qy ilKI-"
gurU-bfxI dI ksvwtI qy guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6" pusqk
jo julfeI sn 2003 pfTkF dy hQF qwk puwj rhI hY, Aus pusqk dy 292 sPLy qoN 371
sPLy qwk anykF gurU sLbdF dy prmfxf sihq ilKy sLMkf rihq lyK ivwc ilKfrI dI Aus
kutlqf df pol nMgf kridaf bRfmxvfd nUM gurmiq bxfieaf hox dy KwulHy drsLn krfey
hoey hn. iPr vI sujfn pfTkF dI Xfd-shUlq leI Aus kuPLr krqUq df sMKyp rUp ies
pRkfr hY- "goieMdvfl qoN poQIaF ilafAux dI mnGVq JUTI gfQf ilK lYx
AuprMq, gurugRMQ sfihb jI dI iqafrI df sRI gxysL ?:-
svWXf] sRI gur lfie
dIvfn qbY, afiq anMd soN ieh BFiq alfeI .
BfeI gurdfs sno icq
dY 14ab
syq rco 15Bv
isMDu qrfeI .
gRMQ jhfjL kroN ien16
poQIan 17 pVH
hY sun hY nru jo drsfeI .
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qfih imtY nr kI[ Puin aMq smYN gur isimRiq pfeI19
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krygf. 15-sMsfr
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poQIaF qoN .17-jo
pVHygf, sxygf . 18-jnm
mrn . 19-aMq
smy gurU dI Xfd pRfpq hovy.
Bfv arQ- gur
(arjn sfihb jI) bVy afnMd ivc dIvfn lfeI bYTy sn . BfeI gurdfs jI nUM sMboDn
krky ies qrHF PLurmfn kIqf-hy BfeI gurdfs jIE Ù! asIN hux bfxI df iek gRMQ
iqafr krFgy ijhVf sMsfr smuMdr qoN pfr Auqfrn leI pul vjoN kMm krygf. ijhVf ies
nUM pVyH suxygf jF drsLn krygf aqy jo aMq smy guruU nUM Xfd krygf Aus df jnm mrn
imt jfvygf .309. nfdyV ivKy bxy sMn 1708 vfly gurU ieiqhfs nUM JUTlfAux dI
kUt nIqI nfl ilKy jf rhy JUT quPLfn dy ies pihly svwXy ivc hI gurmiq ivroDI ieh
AupdysL ik poQIaF nUM kyvl pVHn suxn qy drsLnf nfl hI jnm mrx kitaf jFdf hY.
sMpfdnf krn df kmjLor ijhf Auhlf bxf ky gurU arjn sfihb jI nUM pfqr vjoN vrqidaF
AunHF dy hQIN AunHF dI guirafeI dy smy hI dUjf gurU iqafr krvfAux vflf kuPLr ijs
nUM sRI akfl qKLq sfihb dy muK pujfrI dI klm gurmiq dy ankUl drsf rhI dy kro
drsLn:-(kyvl RSS nfl
sOdy bfjLI smy qkVI rkm vsUl krn dI nIaq nfl) pwQr Cfpy dI sMmq 1944 (sn 1887)
dI CpI guriblfs dI purfqn aYzIsLn sMBflI bYTy hirmMdr sfihb dy sInIar gRMQI
igafnI joigMdr isMG vydFqI ny Aus purfqn Cfpy dI suDfeI aQvf punr sMpfdnf krky
Aus nUM isKF leI Drm gRMQ bxf lYx dI (ilKqI) qIbr iewiCaf nfl-(aKLbfrF
ivc inrMqr Cpdy af rhy irsLvq KorI smyq hor vI rMgf rMg keI ieljLfmF bfry sdf
cup vwtI bYTy vydFqI jI qoN gMBIr sLMky bx rhy hn ik sLfied iksy bVI motI rkm dy
vwty RSS nfl
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dI pUrqI leI ?) ies gurmiq ivroDI dusLkrm dI ivroDqf ivc pfTkF nUM sucyq rihx
leI icqfvxI qF kI ilKxI sI sgoN gurUpMQ nfl duKdfeI DRoh krdy af rhy aigafnI
joigMdr isMG vydFqI ny Aus pusqk dy qwqkry dy swqvyN sPLy qy ieAuN ilK
idqf-"sI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI rcnf krn leI suMdr jgfh dI Bfl sPLf
86-"
qF jo pfTkF nUM Brosf bixaf rhy ik gurU gRMQ sfihb dI rcnf df ieh (ku)kfrj
gurmiq dy aYn ankUl hI hY ? iPr BfeI gurdfs jI, bfbf buwZf jI, aqy keI iswK
syvkF nUM nfl lY ky grdyv jI nUM iksy pUrn iekFq vflI QF dI Bfl krdy rhy drsf ky
sMGxy jMgl ivclI CpVI nyVy df mYdfn psMd kr ilaf aqy AuQy qMbU knfqf lfAux dI
afigaf dy idwqI ilKfrI ny drsf leI. AuprMq, bVI Pldfiek gurUsyvf dy Poky JFsy
nfl aMDivsLvfsLI sMgq koloN Aus CpVI dI imwtI putvf ky Aus nUM CpVI qoN
kilafnkfrI CwpV Bfv gurmiq ivroD ‘rfmsr’
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qfl dI iek nuwkry AuwgI-(2)‘
byrI dy hyTF "gAuVI suKmnI mÚ 5 ]" dI rcnf hoeI drsf ky dohF
(qlfb qy ruwK) nUM pMcm pfqsLfh jI qoN gurmiq ivroDI afpxI ivAuNq dy bRhmxI ‘vr’
imldy drsf ky AunHF nUM ajyhy pUjnIk drsfieaf ik rcI geI gurbfxI dy pfT nf kr
skx dI kmI byrI dy drsLn dIdfiraF qoN hI pUrI ho jfx df ivsLvfsL bxf idwqf. (3)-keI
sflF qoN joqI joiq smf cuwky sfry Bgq pRgt ho ky afpxI bfxI afp ilKvfAuuNdy rhy
?(4)-cOhF
vydF nUM cfr cfr BtF dy rUp ivc prgt ho afey drsf ky gurU jI mMg pUrI kridaF
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vI pMcm gurU nfnk sfihb jI dI mMg qy AunHF dI Ausqiq rUp bfxI rcdy drsf ilaf (6)-eyny
nUM sfry rfgF nUM mnwuKI jfmy ivc pRgt ho ky koJIaF sLkfieqF krdy drsf ky crcf
df kfrn bxI kiQq ‘rfgmflf’ ilKvfeI drsf ky Aus dy pfT qoN ibnF gurU gMQ
sfihb df kIqf pfT insPl ? (7)-
aMq ivc Aus kiQq iekFq vflI ibvrijq QF ivc Aus ‘kljug’
nUM af hfjLr hoieaf drsf ilaf ijs dI iksy pRkfr dI hoNd nUM jnmq siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI ny-rfmklI mhlf 1 astpdIaf[[] ‘soeI cMdu cVih sy qfry soeI idnIaru
qpq rhY’ ] … 8]1] gurU sLbd duafrf mwuZo hI rwd kr idqf hoieaf hY . aKLy
kljug ny bVI inmrqf nfl gurU sLMgqF dy drsLnF leI sMgiq ivc af bYTx dI iejfjLq
cfhI . gurU-hjLUrI ivc juV bYTIaF sLFq icq nfm rs dI TMz mfxdIaF af rhIaF grU
sMgqF vflI ‘Drmsflf’
df anusfsLn sdf leI qbfh kr dyx dI Xojnf aDIn gurmiq dy vYrI, ies mhF kutl ibwpR
ilKfrI ny, afpxf pfqr bxf ley hoey ‘pMcm siqgurU nfnk gurU arjn pfqsLfh jI’
dI jLbfnI pRsLfd vrqdy smy Aus kiQq kljug nUM guurU drbfr ivc af vVn dI mnjLUrI
iml geI drsf leI. pujfrI vfd ny ies guriblfs dI kQf krdy smy ies kiQq iejfjLq dI
gl ajyhI BrmfAU sLbdfvlI ivc iswK-sMgiq nUM suxfieaf krnI ik ividafhIn gurisKF
dy mnF ivc pRsLfd vrqn smy pY rhy bicaF dy sLor sLrfby ivcoN gurU arjn sfihb jI
dIaF KLusLIaF njLr afAux lwg peIaF. gurU drbfrF dy anusfsLn dI AulMGxf vflf
bwicaF df ieh rOlf gOlf sgoN guurU drbfrF df ihwsf bxdf igaf ? ijs df hI iswtf
hY ik inafry KLflsf jI dy inafry siqgurU jI dy inafry drbfr ivc hor sfry
Drm-asQfnF qoN inafry qoN inafry JgVy PLsfd hoxy afrMB ho gey. afpxy siqgurU jI
dI hjLUrI ivc swjy gurU drbfrF ivc iewk dUjy dy kys dfhVIaF puwtdy, gfhlo gfhlI,
hUry mwukIaF qoN agFh pwQr dy jLmfny vfly jFglI mnwuK nUM vI dUr ipwCy Cwz
quiraF vFg ‘ jY
qygM ’ dI vrqoN nfl guru drbfrF nUM
gurU BfeIaF dy lhU nfl lfl gulfl kr rhIaF gurU dIaF lfzlIaF PLOjF nUM kysF qoN
PVI DUeI jFdI puls nUM T.V. qy
keI vfr ivKfieaf igaf hY. Bfv, pMcm pfqsLfh dI jLbfnI drsfeI kljug nUM gurU
drbfr ivc dfKLly dI mnjLUrI, vwD qoN vwD zrfAuxy lhU zohlvyN huMdy jf rhy
gurUdrbfrF ivcly PLsfdF dy "gurUieiqhfs"
df mfnoN nINh pwQr riKaf igaf hovy ? ktlqf ivc inpuMn ilKfrI Aus kiQq guru gRMQ
sfihb jI dI inrmUl rcnf dI inrmUl imwqI ilKxo ikvyN Bwl skdf sI ? kro drsLn Ausy
dI hI klm qoN:- "sMmq
solf sY suKkfrI . ieksT qf kY Aupir DfrI . BfdRo suid eykm suKdfeI . sRI gRMQ
BXo pUr suhfeI ]685]"
aqy arQ gurmiq qoN
aigafnI ivsLvfsLGfqI pMQ DRohI joigMdr isMG vydFqI jI dI klm qoN ilKy tUk ivcly
arQ:-"sMmq 1661 BfdroN sudI iewk nUM". Bfv, gurmiq igafn dy
KLfqmy df ‘ngfrf’ aqyy pfpF dy mUl ‘JUT’
dI prDfngI ? -1- Bfv,
tohVf vfdIey, bfdlvfdI vydFqI rUp-pjfrI toly dI gurUpMQ nfl ivsLvfsLGfq krky aqy
RSS
nfl pUrI vPLfdfrI df prqwK sbUq .-2-‘ien
puwqrn’ (KLflsf jI) dI KLfqr Gr-Gft mfqf ipqf guuruUiswKI df anUpm isMgfr cfry
spuqr sB kuJ vfr dyx vfly prm iqafgI swjx sUrmy mhFblI dsm siqgurU nfnk-siqgur
goibMd isMG jI ny –" joiq Ehf
jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY ]" rUp prclq mrXfdf anusfr pihlF qoN
iqafr krky afpxy aMg sMg rKy "gRMQ jI" nUM nfdyV
ivKy imqI 8 kwqk smq 1765 (7akqUbr sn 1708) vfly pfvn ieiqhfsk idhfVy afpxy
QF KLflsf pMQ df vflI-XfrvyN sdIvI ‘siqgurU nfnk sfihb’ jI Qfp idwqy rUp scy
gurU ieiqhfs qy motI lkIr ? -3- pMcm pfqsLfh jI nUM ilKfrI df pfqr bixaf
Jwl rhy KLfslf jI dI anoKI sLihsLIlqf-rUp axKhInqf qoN ilKfrI ny kyvl guriblfs
p:6 rUp kfgLjLF qy ilKI sLRI guuruU gRMQ sfihb dI isrjxf dI ‘kUV-gfQf’
qoN ‘BfdoN sudI eykm sMmq 1661 AupRokq JUT idhfVy nUM pihlf pRkfsL idhfVf bxf
idwqf .-4- iswKI
dy asl vYrI "pujfrI vydFqIaF" ny gurU gRMQ sfihb jI nUM ipwT prny DrqI
qy Zfh ilaf mMn ky guriblfs pfqsLfhI dI pihlI iBafnk ijwq df Zol KVkf idwqf ?
kbIrf
jhf igafnu qh Drmu hY jhf ‘JUTu qh pfpu’ ]
jhf loBu
qh kflu hY jhf iKmf qh afip ]155] {1383}
rfgu gAuVI guafryrI mhlf 5 ]…[[JUTu bfq sf scu kir jfqI ]
siq hovnu min lgY n rfqI ]2]
bfvY mfrgu tyZf clnf ] sIDf Coiz apUTf bunnf ]3]{185}
(g)-"ggf
goibd gux rvhu sfis sfis jip nIq ] khf ibsfsf dyh kf iblm n kirho mIq]" Auprokq
pfpF dy mUl "JUT"
AuprMq qpdy ihridaF nUM sIqlqf dy vfqfvrx ivc lY vVn vfly ‘pUrn
scu’ dy avqfr, siq hI siq dy
ZMzorcI "afid scu jugfid scu"
nfl joV rhy, "jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI" dy ieiqhfs df ‘pUrn
swc’ ies pRkfr hY ? Auprokq -(k)-pYry
ivc iswD ho cwuikaf hY ik pMcm pfqsLfh jI ny gurbfxI dI jo poQI sfihb iqafr kIqI
sI Auh ijAuN dI iqAuN shI slfmq nOvyN gurU nfnk sfihb gurU qygL bhfdr sfihb jI
dy kol pwuj geI sI. AunHF ny afpxI bfxI sRI afnMd pur ivKy afp hI Aus poQI ivc
Xog QfeIN ilK leI sI. iPr inscq smy qy dYvI brkqF vfly afpxy sujfn bytf jI dsm
gurU nfnk gurU goibMd isMG jI nUM gurU nfnk jI dI guirafeI sONpx smy ieh pfvn
pOQI sfihb AunHF dI sMBfl ivc dy idwqI sI.(iDafn rhy ik ‘gRMQ’ pd
gurU gRMQ sfihb ivcoN imldf hI nhI jd ik ‘poQI’ pd 10 vfr aqy poQIaF 3 vfr
hY (asMK ‘grMQ’ muiK vyd pfT iewko vfr, pr pUry ‘rfry’ vflf?)
gurmiq dy vYrIaF dIaF
ilKqf qoN pRBfvq hoey iswK ilKfrI prcfrk afid eyhI prcfr krdy af rhy hn ik sRI
afnMdpur smy dy jIvl kfl ivc dsLmysL jI afpxf vyhlf smf gurmiq ivroDI sLfhI izwT
vfly kvI drbfr- rUp "rfjn
kI lIlf" ivc hfs rs mfixaF krdy
sn. gurmiq qoN aigafnI ajyhy lyKk ies scfeI nUM pqf nhIN ikAuN Auhly rKdy afey
hn ik bfl Aumrf qoN sBfvk vYrfgI sMq sUrmy ipqf gurdyv gurU qygL bhfdr jI dI 34
sfl pqI-BgqI AuprMq grBvqI hoey prm pUjÎ mfqf gujrI jI dy grB vfs dy smy ivc
vI-" afKf jIvf ivsrY mir jfAu ]"-"sBy
glf ivsrnu ieko ivsir n jfAu ]"-"sfis igrfis n ivsrY sPlu mUriq guru
afip ]"-" idnu rYix ijsu n ivsrY so hiraf hovY jMqu ]"-"qUM
ivsrih qid hI mir jfAu ]"-gurU
AupdysL dy sMskfrF nfl apxy vjUd nUM isLMgfr ky jnmy gurU goibMd isMG qoN dsm
siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI bny gurdyv jI afpxy sMKyp ijhy (23 poh sMmq 1723- (22
dsMbr 1666) qoN 8 kqk 1765 qk (7 akqUbr 1708 qwk)-guirafeI smf-32 sfl 10 mhIny
26 idn aqy kul afXo-41 sfl 9 mhIny 15 idn) jIvn ivc mnuwK nUM sMq sUrmf bnfAuNx
ihq ijhVy gurdyv jI AuWcI jugiq jIvn jugiq dy anUpm pUrny inrMqr pf rhy sn Auh
ajyhI ‘hfs rs’ vflI gurmiq ivroDI rfs lIlHf rcf bihx dI mn ivc ivcfr vI nhIN
sn afAux dyNdy. ijhVy afpxy iswKF nUM hr suafs nfl dfqfr nUM Xfd ivc itkfeI
rwKidaf sdf Aus dy inrml BY ivc ivcrdy rihxf df aQvf ieAuNN df gurU-AupdysL idRV
krfeI rwKdy sn-" AUTq bYTq sovq iDafeIaY ] mfrig clq hry hir gfeIaY ]1]
sRvn sunIjY aMimRq kQf ] jfsu sunI min hoie anµdf dUK rog mn sgly lQf ]1] rhfAu
] kfrij kfim bft Gft jpIjY ] gur pRsfid hir aMimRqu pIjY ]2] idnsu rYin hir
kIrqnu gfeIaY ] so jnu jm kI vft n pfeIaY ]3] afT phr ijsu ivsrih nfhI giq hovY
nfnk iqsu lig pfeI ]4]10]61] {386}
pRBU dI Xfd rUpI pRym rMg ivc rMgy rihMdy Aus pUrn sMq aduqI joDy ny Pokt kMn-rs
ivwc kdy iek pl vI nhIN gvfieaf hoxf. prqwK scfeI eyhI hY ik sRI afnMdpury
ivcridaF guirafeI sNOpI jfx smy hI pfvn poQI sfihb imlidaF sfr AunHF ny Aus nUM
lwg mfqrF qwk pUrI iekfgrqf nfl pVHdy ivcfrdy rh ky, aqy juVI isK sMgq ivc
gurbxI ivcfr bVI ivsLysLqf nfl kIqI rwK ky, gurisKF dy ihridaF nUM dYvI igafn dy
cfnxy nfl rusLnfeI rwKx df pwkf nym bxfeI riKaf sI. jMgF juDF smy vI hr ZukvyN
simaF ivc-"pihlf
mrxu kbUil jIvx kI Ciz afs ] hohu sBnf kI ryxukf qAu afAu hmfrY pfis
]" sMq-Twg, swjx-vYrI, amIr-gLrIb,
bRhmx-sLUdr, qIvIN-mrd, Bfv ibnf iksy vI ivqkry dy hr iewk pRfxI dI crn DUV rUp
inmrqf, aqy, "
ggn dmfmf bfijE pirE nIsfnY GfAu ] Kyqu ju mFizE sUrmf ab jUJn ko dfAu ]1] sUrf
so pihcfnIaY ju lrY dIn ky hyq ] purjf purjf kit mrY kbhU n CfzY Kyqu ]"-inqfxy
byafsrf mjLlUm gLrIbF loVvMdf dI shfieqf leI sdf qqpr, sBnF nUM brfbrqf df hwk
idvfAux leI jUJidaF jLrf vI kfx nf mMnxI, "ibsir
geI sB qfiq prfeI ] jb qy sfDsMgiq moih pfeI ]1] rhfAu ] nf ko bYrI nhI ibgfnf
sgl sMig hm kAu bin afeI ]1]"-vYr
ivroD, eIrKf dvYq, ibnf iksy iBMn Byq, srbwq nfl mF jfieaF vflf ipafr
siqkfr, bdlf lAU rucIaF qoN axjfx, aQvf-" afip Aupfey nfnkf afpy rKY vyk
] mMdf iks no afKIaY jF sBnf sfihbu eyku ]" vYrIaF smyq hryk ivc Ausy
iewk akfl dy drsLnF dI TMz mfxdy rihx vflf hr iek nfl sfvF jIvn ivhfr,
aQvf-" Dnu Dnu hir Bgqu siqgurU hmfrf ijs kI syvf qy hm hir nfim ilv lfeI ]
Dnu Dnu hir igafnI siqgurU hmfrf ijin vYrI imqRü hm kAu sB sm idRsit idKfeI ]
Dnu Dnu siqgurU imqRü hmfrf ijin hir nfm isAu hmfrI pRIiq bxfeI ]" Aus
siqgurU gRMQ sfihb rUp siqgurU nfnk jI dy sdf hI sLukrgujLfr rihxf ijs ny vYrIaF
imqrF nUM iek sfr vyKx vflI ipafr snyh rUp imTfsF vMzdI njLr dI bKLsLsL kIqI hY.
aQvf hr ZwukvyN plF ivc, AujfVF jMglF ivc AunHF DMÕfxy hI bx afey, kyvl cugLlF
dy hI khy-(hir kI vizafeI vzI hY jf n suxeI kihaf cugl kf)-ibnf
kfrn bx afey vYrIaF nfl jUJidaF (jLrf vI smf imlidaF), gurU sLbdF dy gfien dIaF
guMjfrF pYNdIaF rihMdIaF hox qoN hI BfeI bicwqr isMG jI vrgy isrlwQ bhfdr
sUrmy aqy BfeI ‘GnwXf" jI vrgy smdrsI sMq-syvk bxdy rhy. pr
gurmiq dy vYrI ny 1699 dI ivsfKI dy iewko idhVy ivc hI ‘KLflsf pMQ’ isrj
lYxf vflf gurmiq aqy rwbI hukm ivroDI bRfhmxI zrfmy bfjLI sfzy leI dsmysL jI df
anoKf cmqkfr bxf idwqf ? hr QF "hukim rjfeI clxf nfnk iliKaf nfil
]" rUp anmol gurU AupdysL dI KMznf aqy gurmiq ivroDI bRfhmxvfd df hI
bol bflf?
jd ik ieqihfs scfeI ies pRkfr:- "12 mGr sMmq 1732 (11
nvMbr sn 1675) nUM gurqf dy mflk bxy dsLmysL jI ny 1699 qwk, pMdrvIN sdI qoN bx
rhy nfnk pMQIaF dI, XQf-{ ‘mfiraf
iswkf jgq ivc nfnk inrml pMQ clfXf]"(1-45-4) BfeI gurdfs jI dy bcnF
vflf ijhVf inrml pMQ, jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI ny clf ilaf hoieaf sI, Ausy
inrml pMQIey ) dI prK krI rwKidaF nvIN qoN nvIN GfVq huMdI afeI sI. Ausy
inrml pMQIey dIaF krVIaF prKF AuprMq inpuMn rihbr prm sujfn dsLmysL jI ny pUrn
qswlI kr leI sI ik jnmq siqguurU nfnk sfihb jI dy sMklp vflf sMq-(sMq goibMd
kY eykY kfm ]) aqy sUrmf (sUrf so pihcfnIaY ju lrY dIn ky hyq ]) bx
cwukf hY. Ausy nUM hI "KLflsf jI" kih ky invfijaf qy siqkfiraf . sMq
sUrimaF dy ies KLflsf pMQ nUM agy qoN ajyhy siqgurU jI dy lV lfAuxf hovygf jo
pMjF ivkrF qoN inrlyp rihMidaF, sfzy dsF dI krVI Gflxf nfl pRgt hoey ies lfsfnI
"inrml pMQ" nUM, ies anUpm "KLlsf
pMQ" nuM sdf ijAuN df iqAuN hI
bxfeI rwKy . ZMz sLurU ho geI - "vfhu
vfhu bfxI scu hY sic imlfvf hoie ]" "afid ‘scu’ rUp akfl purK
nfl imlfp krf rhI ieh gurbxI afp vI ‘rwb’ hI hY-XQf-"vfhu
vfhu bfxI inrMkfr hY iqsu jyvzu avru n koie ]"
aqy "bfxI gurU gurU hY bfxI
ivic bfxI aMimRqu sfry ] guru bfxI khY syvku jnu mfnY prqiK gurU insqfry]"{982}
eysy qrHF prm pivwqr gurbfxI dI vwD qoN vDyry mihmf vfly hor byaMq gurU sLbd pVH
prK ley . XkIn ho igaf ik dYvI guxf BrpUr ies gur bfxI ivwc anmol gurmiq igafn
vMzdy rihx dI aqy sMq sUrimaF dy ies KLflsf pMQ nUM sdf ijAuN df iqAuN
bxfeI rwKx dI aQvf gurmiq nUM sfry jgq ivc hrimn ipafrI bxfAux dI pUrI smrQf .
hr pwKo qswlI kr lYx qoN sMqusLt ho cuwikaF dsLmysL jI ny hor gurbfxI rcn dI loV
mukf idwqI. ‘awgy qoN guru nfnk sfihb jI dI guirafeI df mflk kOx bxy?
ieh mslf vI dsLmysL jI dI pfvn suriq, miq, buD ny hl kr ilaf .
gurmiq dy kwtV vYrI
bRfhmxI cugLlF dy asr hyT afAuNdI rih ky bygunfh guriswKF qy bypnfh jLulm krdI
rhI mugLlsLfhI Brosy Xog nf sI rhI hoeI. pqf nhIN ikhVy vyly kI Bfxf vrqf dyvy ?
so iqafr ho cuwkI ‘poQI’ sfihb nUM dsLmysL jI ny afpxI inpuMn inwjI sMBfl
ivc lY ilaf hoieaf sI. anMd pur smy dy GlU Gfry qoN ieh poQI sfihb AuvyN hI shI
slfmq inkl cuwkI sI ijvyN mfqf sMdrI jI dsmysL jI nUM qlMvzI sfbo af imly sn.
dUridRsLt prmsujfn gurdyv jI bdl rhy smy dy hflfq qoN hr pKoN hr pl sucyq rihMdy
sn. dsm guurU nfnk sRI
gurU goibMd isMG jI leI ijMd jfn qo ipafrI bx cuwkI poQI sfihb sdf AunHF dy
aMgsMg rihxI pwkf nIam bx
igaf sI.
gurmiq dy vYrIaF dI gurmiq ivroDI
ivroDI bkVvfh- "myry
mohn sRvnI ieh n sunfey" vwl kMn
hI nf dyxf aQvf gurmiq ivroDI Brm ivc kdy nf pYx dy gurU AupdysL nUM kdy nf
ivsfrnf, guriswKI df prmuK asUl bx igaf . gurmiq ivroDI Brm ivc pY jfx df arQ
afpxy dsm siqgurU nfnk-gurUgoibMd isMG jI dIaF dYvI brkqF nUM sLwkI bxfAux rUp
aikRqGxqf, aQvf KulHI bymuKqfeI hY. ies ‘bymuK’ bfry gurU PLurmfn-"sMjm
shs isafxpf ipafry iek n clI nfil ] jo ‘bymuK’ (gurU) goibMd qy, ipafry iqn
kuil lfgY gfil ]"arQ:-One may have thousands
of clever tricks and techniques of austere self-discipline, O Beloved, but not
even one of them will go with him. Those who turn their backs on the Lord , O
Beloved, their families are stained with disgrace[
aqy ieh gurU PLurmfn vI Xfd ivc rwKxf
hY-"nfnk iqn
kI bfxI sdf scu hY ij nfim rhy ilv lfie ]"arQ:-
O Nanak, the words of those who are lovingly attuned to the Naam are true
forever. dfsry leI ies lyK ivclIaF
gurmiq ivcfrF df somf gurU gRMQ sfihb jI rUp jnmq siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI qoN
inrMqr pRfpq ho rhI ‘sroq’
hI hox dy kfrn ieh sfrf lyK gurmiq dI
akwt scfeI hY . ibnf gurU bfxI dy hvfly dy aQvf ibnf iksy akwt sbUq dy ienHF
ivcfrF bfry ikMqU pRMqU krnf jF sLMkf mn ivc afAux dyxf gurmiq vl ipwT kr lYx
quwl hY, aQvf RSS
dy bYKLrId vydFqIaF vflf dusLkrm hY.
so Auprokq lMmIaF gurmiq ivcfrF qoN iswD hY ik Ausy pfvn poQI
sfihb nUM Ausy muwZly prclq-" joiq Ehf jugiq sfie sih kfieaf Pyir pltIaY
]"gurmiq-nIam anusfr "gRMQ sfihb" nUM imqI - 7
akqUbr sn 1708 dy ieiqhfsk idhfVy "guurU
gRMQ-rUp-siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI"
Qfp idwqf sI. mhfn kosL dy sPLf 437 kflm qIjy dy pihly pYry ivwc ies
ieiqhfsk scfeI dI pusLtI ies pRkfr kIqI hoeI hY-"gRMQ sfihb nfl ‘gurU’
sLbd sMmq 1765 qoN lfAuxf afrMB hoieaf, ijs vyly aibclngr ivKy gurU goibMd isMG
ny gurqf iswKDrm dy ‘afDfr
rUp’ ‘gRMQ’
nUM idwqI".
"hy ipafry KLflsf jIE! eysy idhfVy nUM myry QF jnmq siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI dI guirafeI dy sdIvI mflk bxy gurU gRMQ sfhb jI df prkfsL idhfVf
mMnidaF rih ky Aus dI mihmf ivsLfl AuqsvF duafrf sdf vDfeI rKxI"- qF jo
gurmiq dy vYrIaF nUM ieh
XkIn bixaf rhy ik ijs jnmq siqgurU nfnk
sfihb jI nUM aQvf AunHF dy gurmiq igafn nUM, Auh sdf leI KLqm kr dyxf cfhuMdf sI
AuhI gurmiq "igafn-joiq-rUp
siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI"
sgoN KLflsf pMQ dy sdIvI rihbr bxy ijAuN dy iqAuN isKF dI agvfeI kr rhy
hn"- ieh dsm siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI qIbr iewiCaf rUp vsIhq hY".
pr dUridRsLt aMqRXfmI swcy swjx siqgurU jI dI ies hfridk swDr dy sB kuJ Ault
ikAuN qy ikvyN hoieaf ? ies bfry sujfn pfTk sjwx Auprokq ‘–a’- qoN ‘–K’-pYry
qwk ilKIaF gurmiq ivcfrF pVH hty hn. asr kI huMdf hY ? pujfrI vydFqIaF dy isvf
hor kOx jfxy ? ikAuNik lwg Bwg sfry iswK jgq leI awj gurmiq AuhI hY ijs nUM
"vydFqIey" qy "sMprdfeIey zyry dfr"
TIk mMnx ?
(G) -
GGf Gflhu mnih eyh ibnu
hir dUsr nfih ] nh hoaf nh hovnf jq kq EhI smfih]
dsm siqgurU nfnk gurUgoibMd isMG jI dI
anUpm dyx:-purfxf ivclIaF kQf khfxIaf
vyd purfx afid sfry ‘bRhmxI gRMQF’ nUM dYvI sLkqIaF dI dyx hI mMndy hn.
eIsfeI mq aQvf muslmfn vI afpxy Drm gRQF nUM KLudfeI klfm hI mMndy hn. pr
sMsfr dy iksy vI Drm ny afpxy ‘Drm gRMQ’ nUM gurU nhIN Qfipaf. iswK
pMQ ny vI afpxy DrmgRMQ nUM afpxf gurU afp nhI sI bxfieaf (iDafn rhy ik gwl gRMQ
dI hY bfxI qF hY jnmq gurU). iksy vI gRMQ jF poQI nUM siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI
guirafeI sONpxI kyvl aqy kyvl dsLmysL jI dy ihwsy df hI gurieqhfs hY. pihly nON
guurU sfihbfn kol gRMQ nUM gurU Qfp dyx df aiDkfr qwd hI ho skdf sI jy Auh afpxy
QF iksy mnuwK nUM guirafeI nf sONpdy . hYrfnI hY ik bVy AuwckotI dy sfzy
ivdvfnfF ny vI gurU aqy girafeI ivclf aMqr nhIN smiJaf. lMmy
coilaF dy sfD-ByK Auhly luikaf luwc ivkfrI lfxf qF sgoN dUxI CfqI Pulf ky gurU
bfxI dI ies pfvl pMgqI-"bfxI
gurU gurU hY bfxI ivic bfxI aMimRqu sfry ] guru bfxI khY syvku jnu mfnY prqiK
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guirafeI ivcly gMBIr PLrk nUM isKF qoN lukfeI rK ky ‘bfdlI vydFqIaF’ vFg hI RSS
nfl vPLfdfrI inBf rhy hn. pfTk gurmuKF
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gurU, ieh sLbd gRI Dfq qo bixaf hY[ ies dy arQ hn inglnf aqy smJfAuxf, jo
aigafn nUM Kf jFdf hY aqy iswK nUM qwqgXfn smJfAuNdf hY, Auh gurU hY, gurbfxI
ivc gur, guru aqy gurU iek hI arQ ivc afey hn[ XQf-" gur apny
bilhfrI"[(sor[m: 5),"suKsfgru guru pfieaf"[(sor m: 5)"apnf
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kos dy Ausy 419 sPLy anusfr hI-guirafeI-sMgXf- gurqf,
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koeI pdvI nhI hY, sgoN gurU iek anUpm ‘gux’ hY jd ik ‘guirafeI’ pdvI hY.
ies scfeI nUM iksy vI akwt dIl nfl JuTlfieaf nhIN jf skdf ik "pfvn gurbfxI
vI siqgurU nfnk jI vFg hI jnm qoN hI ‘gurU’ hY ] pr siqgurU nfnk sfihb jI dI
‘guirafeI’ dI mflk kyl AuhI "XrfvF sdIvI gurU gRMÙQ sfihb-guurUnfnk
sfihb jI" hY jo ijs gRMQ-srUp ivc "ÃÄ
qoN hiraf"
pd qwk df sfrf bRhm igafn aMikq hY. Bfv ijs nUM dsLmysL jI ny godfvrI ndI iknfry
‘nfdyV ivKy sn 1708 ivc afpxy QF gurU gRMQ sfihb rUp jnmq guurUnfnk sfihb jI
Qfipaf sI. so smq 1661 vflf kiQq guurU gRMQ bRfmxI kutlqf hY jF sLrfrq qoN vD
hor kuJ nhIN hY. kUk pukfrF df pihlf bVf jLrrI kfrn sMpUrn hoieaf . pr ajy pfTkF
dI igafq gocry hor bVy kfrn hn ies nUM pihlI iksLq smJxf jI. ilKx jog bcI ieko
KwbI awK nfl ilK rhy dfsry df inmfxf ijhf Xqn kbUl hovy . jLrUrI sUcnf rUp
bynqIaF:-
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guriblfs pf: 6 pusqk dy ilKfrI dy pihlIaF do gurmiq ivroDI ivaMg-coBF
ijnHF nUM kyvl cwup kIiqaF brdfsLq hI nhIN kr ilaf sgoN AunHF nUM gurU ieiqhfs
mMn ky AunHF pRqI sLrDf bxf lYTx qoN gurmiq ivroDI ilKfrI nUM qswlI ho cuwkI sI
ik kdy vzf axKI joDf mMinaf igaf kiQq (gurmiq dy anusfr jIvn bxf rhy gurmuKF
dI gwl nhIN)-KLflsf-pMQ asl ivc mhFmUrK, jFglI aqy axKhIn BweIaf bx cuwkf
hY. gurmiq ivroDI Auh koJIaF coBF ies pRkfr hn:-
(1)- ieiqhfsk swc nUM
prfxf df sLrmnfk JUT bxf rhy guriblfs ny sfzy sIny ivc pihlI duKdfeI "sFg"
ieh mfrI ik GroN 10/11 mIl dUr bIV ivc rihMdy ‘bfbf buZf jI koloN puwqr prfpqI
df vr lYx nMgy pYrIN gey mfqf gMgf jI jd vDy hoey Audr nfl Gr prqy qF AunHF nUM
grBvqI ho muVy jfx ky pqI pMcm pfqsLfh jI KLusLI nfl kipiVaF qoN bfhr hoey
mfieaf dI bfrsL krdy, Zol ZmwikaF nfl vDfeIaF kbUl krdy drsf ky[ gurdyv jI dy
ibMdI spwuqr sfihbjLfdf hirgoibMd jI nUM bRfhmxI klpxf dI Aupj "cqurBujI
Bgvfn" jnmdy drsf idwqf. KLflsf jI
ny koeI ros qf kI krnf sI sgoN Aus nUM gurU ieqhfs mMn ky sLrDf bxf leI.
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sB qoN vwD duKdfeI sFg:-guriblfs dy ilKfrI
df dUjf bVf vzf pMQ Gfqk sLrmnfk kfrf iehI hY jo qusF Auprokq siPLaF qoN pVH hty
ho. Bfv, nfdyV ivKy sn 1708 dy ieiqhsk idn qy ‘poQI
sfihb’ nUM afpxy QF gurU nfnk sfihb
jI dI joiq jugiq dy sdIvI mflk "siqguurU gRMQ sfihb-rUp XfrvyN siqgurU nfnk
sfihb bxf dyx vfly dsLmysL jI dy anUpm ieiqhfsk scu nuM kyvl aqy kyvl guriblfs
pfqsLfhI 6 ivc ilKI JUTI qy inrmUl gfQF dy aDfr qy hI, vydFqI-rUp pujfrIaF ny sn
1708 dy QF sn 1604 nUM pihlf prkfsL idhfVf bxf idwqf. gurmiq dy vYrI df
aMqRIv mMqv ? aslI ieiqhfsk pRkfsL idhfVy nUM sLwkI bx ky XfdF ivcoN hOlI
hOlI mwDm ho jfx df sbb bxf idwqf. jy rfey puCI jfvy qF ies dy hwk ivc ividafhIn
KLlsf jI qF sLfied sfrf hI dovy bfhF hI KVIaF kr dyvy ? ikAuNik aiDAuN vwD iswK
ivdvfn qF sLurU qoN 1604 nUM hI pihlf pRkfsL idhVf kih rhy hn. iblkul Buwl jfxf
bhuqI dUr nhIN ? BulidaF sfr hI gurmiq dy vYrI ny gurU gRMQ sfihb qoN sihl hI
ipwCf Cuzf lYxf hY ? jy gurmiq dy vYrI RSS
ny hirmMdr sfihb ivwc ikRsLn mUrqI ilaf
sQfpq kIqI, qF iswKF dIaF aKIaF ivwc bwuk Gwtf pfAuNidaF vydFqIaF ny Bfv
pujfrIaF ny Jwt ieh mslf suprIm kort ivc lY jxf hY. pr AuQy ivroDIaF dy vkIl (dI
iqafrI vydFqIaF ny afp hI krfeI hoxI hY) dIaF dlIlf sux ky jwj jI ny vydFqIaF dy
kiQq pMQk vlIk nUM kihxf hY-"afj qum kihqy ho ies gRMQ ko 1708 myN XfrvF
guuruU nfnk bxfieaf Qf, mgr qum qo sn 1718 my ilKy guriblfs ky ilKy muqfbk pihlf
pRkfs idhfVf sn 1604 bVI DUMm Dfm sy ikAuN mnf rhy ? Aus vkq qo aBI pMjvy
guuuruU arjn sfihb kf hI pihrf Qf ? bs, smJo Ausy idn hI vydFqIaF ny aCoply hI
afpxI sLkfieq vfps lY leI qy aKLbrF ivc ibafn dfgL idwqf "ihMdU srkfr ivc
pihlF vI sfnUMM kdy inaF nhI sI imilaf awj ikQoN imlxf sI ? bws QuhVy jhy Auswl
vwty BMny qy gl afeI geI ? mhfn kosL ivc ‘hir’ df pMjvF arQ "ikRsLn"
aqy ‘hirmMdr’
df sqvF arQ-"Tfkrduafrf"
hI hY . RSS dy
vydFqI jI dI hr pwKo jY jY kfr ?
(2) -QohVf icr pihlF
tYlIPLUn dI GMtI KVkdI nUM cuikaf qF agoN bolx vfly swjx jI ny afpxI jfxkfrI
krfAuNidaf afpxf nfm surjIq isMG jMmU ksLmIr dI plIs mihkmy ivc aPLsr dwisaf.
dfs dy hQoN siqgurF ny ilKvfeI ‘grU bfxI dI ksvwtI qy guriblfs pfqsLfhI 6’
aqy ‘mfsu mfsu kir mUrK JgVy’ pusqkF df Aucycy qOr qy ijLkr kridaF dfsry dI
loVoN vD sLlfGf dy nfl-"qusF roVyH pY cuwkI iswKI nUM shfrf idwqf hY afid
hor asIsF dy rhy srdfr jI pqf nhIN ajy hor ikho jhIaF swDrF kih suxfAuNdy-pr dfs
ny bVy siqkfr nfl tokidaF ieAuH bynqI kIqI ik asIsF BrI ajyhI slfGf df hwkdfr
dfs nhIN hY sgoN-Aucycy mfx siqkfr dy aslI hwkdfr BfeI joigMdr isMG jI spoksmYn
cMzIgVH hn, ijnHF ny bfkI sfry pwqrkfrF qoN inafrI dlyrI nfl dfsry dIaF ilKqF
nUM quhfzy ijhy gurmuKF qwk pucfieaf aqy inrMqr pucf rhy hn. nhIN qF ieh ilKqF
sLfied hI hY jy kdy myrI mOq dy mgroN vI ajyhf kuJ kr skdIaF jo myry jIvn kfl
ivc hI BfeI sfihb joigMdr isMG jI ny ies inmfxy dfsry nUM awKIN ivKf idwqf hY.
so BfeI surjIq isMG jIE! isKI dI aslI syvf smJ ky ajyhf Auprflf kro ik spoksmYn
hr gurisK dy Gr ivc piVHaf jfx lwg pvy jI".
ilKq ivc hoeIaF AukfeIaF dI suDfeI kr lYx vfly gurmuK
ipafiraF df DnvfdI, aqy gurmiq anusfr jIvn bqIq kr rihaF gurmuKF dI crnDUV
dfsrf:-
gurbKLsL isMG imqI 7-9-2006
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