10[ smF bIqx nfl Cfpy vflIaF qy hwQ ilKq bIVF keI pRkfr dIaF
iswK sMgqF ivwc pRcwlq ho geIaF. Bog hr iewk df afpo afpxI mrËI df hoieaf krdf
sI. keI QFvF qy apRvfinq rcnfvF pVHky ‘‘vwzf Bog`` pfieaf jFdf sI. ijq dr
lwK muhMmdf, mIrF bfeI df Èbd, sUrdfs df sfrf Èbd, ruxJuMJnVf afid BI pVdy sn.
sMn 1920 qoN pihlF ikAuNik ÈRo: gu: pR: kmytI nhIN sI, ies
leI sfry Dfrmk PYsly cIP Kflsf dIvfn dI sihmqI nfl hI pRvfn cVHdy sn. rfgmflf
bfry ‘pVHnI hY jF nhI pVHnI hY` dy kfrn bhuq JgVy hoey. adflqF ivwc mukwdmy
cwly. adflqF vwloN cIP Kflsf dIvfn qoN rfey mMgI jFdI sI. cIP Kflsf dIvfn dy
muKI hmyÈf iehI ilKky Byjdy rhy - ‘‘rfgmflf gurbfxI nhIN hY.``
11[ bfgbfn pury lfhOr dI isMG sBf ivwc vwzf JgVf hoieaf. gwl
iknfry nf lgdI vyK ky, do prcIaF qy ieh awKr ilK ky pIhVy hyT rwK idwqIaF -
rfgmflf gurbfxI hY, rfgmflf gurbfxI nhIN kwcI bfxI hY.`` iewk axjfx syvk qoN
iewk prcI mMgvfeI geI, ijs qy iliKaf sI, rfgmflf gurbfxI nhIN hY kwcI bfxI hY.
awgy qoN rfgmflf pVnI bMd kr idwqI geI. sqMbr 5-1917 dy pMQ syvk aKbfr ivwc sfrI
Gtnf CpI. ‘‘ik swcy siqgurU jI ny ikrpf kIqI, rfgmflf df PYslf afp ikrpf
krky nbyV idwqf, sfiraF dI duibDf dUr kr idwqI.``
12[ BfeI lfl isMG Drm pRcfrk, pihlF lMmy smyN qwk pRo: gurmuK
isMG qy ig: idwq isMG nfl DrmpRcfr dI syvf krdy rhy. AuhnF df jo ibafn aKbfr
ivwc Cipaf sI Auh ies qrHF hY - ‘‘rfgmflf df rOlf ies vkq pMQ ivwc pUry jor
nfl iCiVaf hoieaf hY. ijs ƒ hvf dyx df ijMmyvfr BfeI vIr isMG hY. mYN Auh pMQ
syvk pRcfrk hF ijsny ipCly qIh sfl qoN pUry dyÈ ivwc GuMm ky iswKI df pRcfr
kIqf hY. BfeI gurmuwK isMG qy BfeI idwq isMG qoN mYN gurmq iswKI. mYN 19 sfl
BfeI vIr isMG nfl BI kMm kIqf hY. mYN sdf rfgmflf dy ivruwD boldf irhf hF, ieh
aYvyN nhIN sgoN BfeI vIr isMG vrgy ivdvfnF qoN agvfeI lYky. jo ivakqI gurbfxI dy
bRfbr rfg mflf ƒ Èfiml krdf hY, jF pVHdf hY, Auh gurbfxI df apmfn krdf hY.
muMdfvxI qoN ipCoN jo kuwJ BI iliKaf igaf hY, Auh BfeI bMno afidk ilKfrIaF ny
rlf pfieaf hY.
(pMQ syvk, lfhOr, 7 nvMbr 1917) (204)
13[ rfgmflf bfry mhfrfjf pitaflf qy mhfrfjf nfBf dy ivcfr
iswK pMQ ivwc rfgmflf bfry BKvIN bihs ho rhI vyKky iehnF dovF
rfj pRmuwK iswKF ny afpxy qrIky inrxy ley. pitafly dy rfjy ny bËurg ieiqhfskfr
ig: igafn isMG ƒ bulf ky rfey mMgI. ig: jI ny spwÈt afK idwqf ik rfgmflf
gurbfxI nhIN hY. mulfkfq df vyrvf ig: igafn isMG ny ieAuN iliKaf hY -
muJy ibRD lyKk ieiqhfs. dfs pMQ kf lKkY Kfs.
isMG isK srDflU nIky. ank pRymI KymI jI ky.
imly moih pitafly afie. dIE ieho pRsMg clfie.
jo mY gurU Kflsf mfih. hY ilK riKXo aKXo su vfih.
mfn gey sB shI XhI hY. ‘‘rfg mflf gurvfk nhI hY.``
(pMQ syvk - 10/4/1918)
14[ ies qoN mgroN nfBf pqI rfjf irpudmn isMG ny srkfrI qOr qy
afKMz pfT df Bog puafieaf. sfry POjI aqy isvl aÌsr hfËr sn. Coty mulfjm BI
bhuq sfry mOjUd sn. afm lokF df BI bhuq BfrI iekwT sI. Kud mhfrfjf sfihb dIvfn
ivwc ibrfjmfn sn. svyry sfZy Cy vjy ‘‘muMdfvxI pr Bog pfieaf igaf.`` (pMQ
syvk - 3/7/1918)
15[ Bfrq dI qqkflIn rfjDfnI klkwqy ivKy sI. kFgrs pfrtI df
iewk vwzf smfgm hoieaf. pihlF aKMz pfT dy Bog pfey gey, akflI kOr isMG ny
muMdfvxI Aupr Bog pfieaf. ies dIvfn ivwc BfeI eIÈr isMG ny afpxy AupdyÈ ivwc
sB ƒ dwisaf ik rfgmflf gurbfxI nhIN hY. ieh iksy aflmnfmI kvI dI kivqf hY. iksy
ny glqI nfl gurU gRMQ ivwc drj kr idwqI hY, ies ƒ kwZ idwqf jfxf cfhIdf hY.
iehnF gwlF dI irport (jmImf) BfeI vIr isMG dy pRYs ivwc iqafr hoieaf aqy Cipaf.
(hrnfm isMG skwqr, Kflsf dIvfn klkwqf, pMQ syvk -
13/2/1918)
16[ PrvrI 10-1918 ƒ puwqr dy jnm dI KuÈI ivwc BfeI joD isMG
jI ny afpxy Gr aKMz pfT dy Bog puafey. rfgmflf nhIN pVHI geI, Bog muMdfvxI qy
pfey gey. iesy pRMprf ƒ jfrI rwKidaF jYqo dy morcy dI smfpqI qy 6/8/1925 ƒ
ds aKMzpfTF dy Bog pfey gey. pMQ dy mMny pRmMny ivdvfn qy lIzr mOjUd sn. iehnF
ivwc bfbf aqr isMG msqUafxy vfly BI smfl sn. qdoN Bog muMdfvxI qy hI pfieaf
igaf. iehI irport muV gurduafrf gjt 1965 dy pMnf 119 qy CpI.
17[ BfeI joD isMG dy ilKqI bynqI krn qy, 7/1/1945 ƒ, Dfrmk
slfhkfr kmytI dI ivÈyÈ iekqwrqf bulfeI geI. BfeI joD isMG ny afpxf ipClf
rfgmflf ivroDI pYNqVf bdlky, rfgmflf ƒ gurbfxI mMn lYx qy Ëor idwqf. pr ies
iekwqrqf ivwc hor BI nfmI iswK ivdvfn puwjy hoey sn. ies leI BfeI joD isMG dI
koeI pyÈ nf geI. ies iekwT ivwc 16 mqy pfs kIqy gey. ies ivwc mqf nM: pMj
rfgmflf isrlyK hyT iliKaf igaf. mqf pMj, prvfn hoieaf ik Dfrmk slfhkfr kmytI dI
rfey ivwc sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dy pfT df Bog muMdfvxI qy pfieaf jfxf cfhIdf
hY, rfgmflf nhIN pVHnI.``
18[ ies qoN mgroN kuwJ lyK rfgmflf bfry Kflsf smfcfr ivwc
Cpy. ijnHF df sfr ieh sI ik rfgmflf aflm kvI dI afpxI ilKI hoeI nhIN hY, sgoN
Aus ny gurU gRMQ sfihb ivwcoN corI kIqI hY. dubfrf iPr Dfrimk slfhkfr kmytI df
iekwT 13/5/1945 ƒ bulfieaf igaf. BfeI joD isMG rfgmflf dy hwk ivwc boly. sfiraF
dy ivroD df sfhmxf nf shfrdy hoey iCwQy pY ky vfk afAUt kr gey.
19[ ies mgroN 27/5/45 ƒ iPr hoeI iekqwrqf ivwc Dfrmk slfhkfr
kmytI ny isr qy afx ZuwkIaF sRo: k: coxF qy asYNblI coxF dy mwdy nËr, ‘‘hflfq
ijAuN dy iqAuN`` (styts ko) rihx bfry inrxf kr ilaf. ies leI akfl qKq qy Bog
muMdfvxI qy pYNdy rhy. akqUbr 26-1945 ƒ sRo: kmytI df sflfnf iekwT hoieaf.
(ivsQfr leI vyKo-sRo: gu: pR: k: df pMjfh sflf ieiqhfs-aÈok,
pMnf 228)
20[ iswK rihq mirafdf iqafr krn vkq, bhuq ivdvfn guriswK
rfgmflf ƒ gurbfxI nhIN mMndy sn. iesy kfrn rihq mirafdf ivwc rfgmflf bfry vwKrI
siQqI mOjUd hY. ik ‘‘Bog cldI sQfnk rIqI muqfbk pfieaf jfvy``. rfgmflf bfry
hflI pMQ ivwc mqByd hY.``
21[ BfeI kfhn isMG nfBf qy ig: Èyr isMG AuWc kotI dy ivdvfn,
jdoN clfxf kr gey qF rfgmflf dy hwk ivwc, cwlx vfilaF ƒ vwzf hOslf iml igaf.
BfeI joD isMG dI bynqI qy BfeI mohn isMG nfgoky (pRDfn
mohx isMG nfgoky ny BI pRgt kIqI ik swdf pwqr Byjy jfx dy bfvjUd, Dfrmk slfhkfr
kmytI dI mYNbr mIitMg ivwc nhIN afey.
dfKf (krqfr isMG) - joD isMG jI quhfzf pwK ikhVf hY KMzn ik
mMzn ?
joD isMG - mYN ies vkq rfgmflf dy hwk ivwc hF.
dfKf - pr qusIN qF sfrI Aumr rfgmflf dy ivroDI rhy ho, afpxy
Gr qusIN muMdfvxI qy Bog pfey sI, mYN Kud Aus vkq hfËr sF.
joD isMG - hux mYN afpxI rfey bdl leI hY.
dfKf - rfey bdlx df kfrn kI hY, agoN iPr kdoN rfey bdlogy ?
joD isMG - krqfrpur vflI bIV ivwc Ausy klm qoN rfgmflf ilKI
hoeI hY ijs qoN bIV ilKI hoeI hY. BfeI krqfr isMG dfKf jI lgfqfr kftvyN suafl
krdy gey qy BfeI joD isMG iQVkvyN lihjy ivwc rfgmflf df pwK pUrdy rhy. dfKf jI
vwloN svflF dI buCfV jfrI rhI qy dUjy bMinE sMq mhMq, kdI kdI BfeI joD isMG dI
mdd krdy rhy. ies dy nfl hI zyrydfr DUP, joq, nfrIal afid df mslf BI ivwc GsIt
ilafey. joD isMG jI ƒ puwiCaf igaf ik qusIN iehnF sfDF dIaF sfrIaF ivcfrF nfl
sihmq ho ? afKx lgy ik mYN isrP rfgmflf dy hwk ivwc hF, iehnF dIaF hor ivcfrF
nfl sihmq nhIN. awgy cwlky ig: guridwq isMG ny bolidaF ikhf - jo kuJ krqfrpurI
bIV ivwc imlfvt kr idwqI geI hY, Aus bfry joD isMG jI, jfxdy hoey, axjfx bx rhy
hn. jy Aus bIV ƒ awKr awKr svIkfr kr leIey qF ‘‘krvq Blf n krvt qyrI`` afsf
rfg ivwc kbIr jI dy 36vyN Èbd qoN pihlF 35vF pdf pfieaf igaf hY Aus vwl gOr
PurmfAu -
dyKo logf hir kI sgfeI. mF DrI pUq DIaf sMg jfeI.
hm hYN bfp rfm pUq hmfrf. mYN bihnoeI rfm myrf sflf.
ab myry rfm khygI bleIaf. rfm myro ssur mY rfm jveIaf.
khY kbIr suno ry pUqf. rfm jpih qyeI nr kUqf..35..
kI ies pdy ƒ kbIr df svIkfr krogy, ikAuNik ieh krqfrpurI bIV
ivwc hY ?
ies qoN bfad hor sbUq BI idwqy gey, Auh PotoaF BI pyÈ kIqIaF
geIaF jo rfgmflf qoN bgYr bIVF qoN leIaF sn. ies qy kfPI hMgfmf hoieaf qy BfeI
joD isMG sfQIaF smyq mIitMg ivwcoN ros pRgt krdy, bfhr cly gey. (ig: guridq isMG
jI ny bVI imhnq krky lgpg pMjfh PotoaF afpxI ikqfb ivwc AuhnF bIVF dIaF idwqIaF
hn. ijnHF ivwc rfgmflf nhIN hY. sgoN sfP iliKaf BI imldf hY ik Bog muMdfvxI qy
pfAuxf.)
22[ purfxy simaF ivwc bhuq sfry pRym pRsMg ilKy gey. prXojn
iewko hoieaf krdf sI ik vfsnf BrpUr bxf ky, rfijaF nvfbF df idl bihlfieaf jfvy,
aqy vwty ivwc mfn snmfn pRfpq kIqy jfx. aijhy kvIaF dI lMmI Pirsq pRo: ipafrf
isMG pdm ny, dsmyÈ jI dy ‘‘drbfrI kvI ivwc idwqI hoeI hY. kuwJ iewk nfm ieh
hn - nfiekf Byd-sMBU nfQ, isMgfr mMjfrI-icMqfmxI, rl klol-qulsI dfs, isMgfr rs
mfDurI-ikRsx Bwt, isMgfr rs drpx-afjm, isMgfr iblfs-som nfQ afid. ieh kvI aflm
vwloN ilKI mfDvf nl aqy kfm kMdlf pfqr pyÈ krky kfmukqf pRBfvI kivqf hY.
‘‘rfgmflf`` - ies pusqk dy 353 CMd hn. jo ihwsf
gurU gRMQ sfihb ivwc afieaf hY, Auh 63vyN CMd qoN lY ky 72 CMd qwk hY. (mYkflP)
kfm kMdlf mfDvfn khfxI df sMKyp sfr -
23[ kvI aflm ny iewk bRfhmx pfqr-mfDvf nl-df aijhf idlkÈ
icwqr AulIikaf hY ik Auh jdoN mDur surF ivwc bMsrI bjfAuNdf sI qF Èihr dIaF
iesqrIaF BFzy suwt ky bfhr glIaF ivwc af ky, Aus duafly Jurmt pf lYNdIaF sn.
Èkfieq hox qy mfDv ƒ rfjy ny rfj ivwcoN inkl jfx df hukm suxf idwqf. awgy jFdf
hoieaf Auh kfmsYn ngr dy drvfËy awgoN dI lMiGaf. aMdr dy inrq nft Cxkfty ny Aus
ƒ iKwc pfeI. mfDv ny aMdr jfxf cfihaf, qy sMqrI ny ikhf - aMdr vwzy guxI lok
bYTy hn, qyry vrgy mfmUlI mnuwK df AuQy kI kMm ? qF mfDv ny ikhf, nhIN aMdr
mUrKF dI sBf hY, iehnF ƒ rfg qfl dI koeI soJI nhIN. ikAuNik qblf vfdk df aMgUTf
mom df hY. drbfn ny rfjy ƒ dwisaf, gwl swc inklI. mfDv ƒ aMdr swd ky, afpxy
kol ibTf ilaf. mfDv ƒ mhfn sMgIqkfr jfx ky nrqkI kfmkMdlf ny afpxI sfrI klf dfa
qy lf idwqI. Ausny afpxI CfqI qy sugMDI lfeI, iewk GVf isr AuWqy rwiKaf, qy Èfn
nfl nwcx lwgI. iewk BOrf sugMDq CfqI qy afx bYTf, jy AuzfAuNdI hY qF qfl ivwc
ivGn pYNdf hY, isr qoN GVf izgdf hY. (aflm kvI ny klpxf dy GoVy dOVfey) kfmkMdlf
ny afpxy suafs roky, iewk Kfs ivDI vrqky, Prfty nfl afpxI CfqI ivwcoN hvf kwZI,
qy BOrf Auzf idwqf. mfDv ƒ aMdr afAux vkq rfjy ny jo kImqI hfr idwqf sI. Auh
nrqkI dI klf qy moihq hoky Aus dy gl ivwc pf idwqf. ikAuNik sBf ivwc hor iksy ƒ
kfmkMdlf dI ies nvyklI adf dI smJ nhIN peI. ies leI rfjf mfDv nfl guwsy ho igaf.
mfDv nfl kfm kMdlf df ipafr hox qy hor nfrfËgI vD geI. ies leI ieQoN BI mfDv ƒ
dyÈ inkflf iml igaf. bRfhmx hox krky koeI mfr nhIN skdf sI. Auh ivkrmfjIq rfjy
dy rfj ivwc jF phuMicaf. pqf kIqf, ijs mMdr ivwc rfjf pUjf krn afAuNdf sI AuQy
kMD qy dohf ilK idwqf. ‘‘khf krUM kq jfAUN rfm rfj nf afih. iqRaf sMqfp
ivjog duK rfGo jfnq nfih.`` rfjy ny mfDv ƒ swidaf iviQaf suxI. afpxy bMdy kfm
kMdlf kol Byjy. pr pqf lwgf ik Auh qF AudoN qoN hI byhoÈ peI hY, jdoN qoN mfDv
ivCiVaf hY. rfjy ny mUriCq kfm kMdlf dI CfqI qy pYr rwKky prKxf cfihaf jIvq hY
ik mr geI. nrqkI ny byhoÈI ivwcoN hI ikhf, ‘‘rfjf CfqI qy pYr nf rwK, ieQy
iewk bRfhmx df invfs hY, AusdI bypqI hovygI qYƒ pfp lwgygf.`` ieqny ivwc dovF
POjF df Gor juwD hoieaf, byaMq ispfhI mry. jdoN mfDv ƒ dwisaf ik qyrI pRyimkf
qF byhoÈ peI hY, qF Auh BI gÈ Kf ky izwg ipaf, byhoÈ ho igaf. iPr prI khfxIaF
vFg surg ivwcoN iewk dyvqf aMimRq lY ky afieaf. swcy pRymI jfxky dovF ƒ jIvq
kIqf. ibkrmfjIq rfjf iehnF ƒ afpxy nfl lY igaf, iewk suMdr mihl bxvfky idwqf,
iehnF bfkI iËMdgI KuÈIaF BrI gujfrI. kvI aflm iesdf aKIr ivwc mhfqm BI dsdf hY
-
kfmI risk purK jo sunhI. qoN Xih kQf rYn idn sunhI.
ieh khfxI dsm gRMQ dy icRqro pfiKafn ivwc 91 icwqr ivwc BI
imldI hY. AuQy Auh alwg rMg bKyrdI hY.
24[ bhuq sfrIaF bIVF dy icwqr ies pusqk ivwc ig: guridwq isMG
jI ny imhnq nfl Èfml kIqy hn. kuwJ purfqn bIVF ivwc ieh sUcnf BI nfl hI idwqI
hoeI imldI hY -
‘‘eyh Bog sRI afd gRMQ jI hY``, rfg mflf ies sUcnf qoN
bfad iksy ilK idwqI.
cIP Kflsf dIvfn qy hor ivdvfn guriswK rfgmflf ƒ gurbfxI nhIN
mMndy sI. isrP zyrydfr sfD lfxf qy AuhnF dy cyly hI ihwk dy qfx ies ƒ gurbfxI
grdfndy rhy. igafnI igafn isMG dy kQn anusfr - eys ivwc iksy mhly df nfm nhIN
hY.
nfnk nfm mohr Cfp nhIN hY.
gurU gRMQ dI kfivk ÈYlI nfl ieh myl nhIN KFdI.
gurU gRMQ jI dy sfry rfg ies ivwc nhIN, ies ivcly rfg gurU
gRMQ ivwc nhIN hn.
eIÈvr dy nfm dI, gurF dI mihmF dI jF sqsMg dI ies ivwc mihmF
nhIN hY.
ies ivwc koeI BI AupdyÈ nhIN hY. kyvl rfg rfgxIaF dy nfm hn.
mfDvnl ny poQI sfihb dI sMpfdnf qoN iewkI vrHy pihlF rfgmflf
ilKI sI, iesƒ akfl qKq vwloN awj qwk BI pRvfn nhIN kIqf igaf. iswK rihq mirafdf
ivwc ajy BI mwqByd cwilaf af irhf hY. so ies ƒ qurMq hI gurU gRMQ sfihb nfloN
vwK kr dyxf cfhIdf hY. (283)
(ieh pypr 25/7/04 ƒ Kflsf pMcfieq dy knvInr sR: rfijMdr isMG
vwloN, cMzIgVH ivwc bulfeI geI ivcfr goÈtI leI iqafr kIqf igaf sI. axsuKfvyN
kfrnF krky ieh ivcfr goÈtI mulqvI krnI peI. igafnI guridwq isMG vwloN ‘‘muMdfvxI``
nfm dI ilKI pusqk bfry ieh goÈtI hoxI sI.
