ibprvfd df mfrU hiQafr kOx
hY? iksLq nM: 4
(gurbKsL isMG kflf aPgfnF dy ivroDIaF vloN AunHF dIaF ilKqF
ivcoN kuwJ pMgqIaF kwZ ky jo gumrfh kIqf jf irhf hY Aus dI aslIaq jfnx leI ieh
cOQy dUsLx vflI iksLq hfjLr hY. pfTk jn pVH ky swc JUT df inrxf afp hI kr
lYx-sMpfdk)
�hm ihMdU hY� ikqfb ivc rijMdr isMG inrflf afpxI BUimkf ivc hI
dsvyN pfqsLfh vwloN
1699 eI[ dI ivsfKI smyN
KLflsf sfjnf dy pRsMg ivc isrF jF bkiraF dy kwtx, ikhVI-ikhVI bfxI aMimRq iqafr
krn smyN AucfrI aqy kkfrF AuWqy ikMqU krdf hY, iPr Auh sfrf jLor ies gwl �qy
lgfAuNdf hY ik gurU df sLbd, gurU dI bfxI, gurU df nfm hI aMimRq hY.
s[ kflf aPLgfnf vI bVy sUKm qrIky nfl aMimRq dI mirafdf �qy
ikMqU krdy hn. ibprvfd df hAUaf ivKf ky aMimRq iqafr krn smyN pVHIaF jFdIaF pMjF
bfxIaF �qy jlybI vFg sLbd jfl bux ky ikMqU kr rhy hn:
KMzy bfty df aMimRq iqafr krky Ausdy Cky jfx � pMQ leI bVf
jLrUrI GoisLq krn qoN iswD huMdf hY ik aMimRq iqafr krn smyN pVHIaF geIaF bfxIaF
bfkI gurU bfxI nfloN Gwt mhwqqf vflIaF nhIN sn. iPr kI kfrn hY ik dsmysL jI ny
Auh iqMn bfxIaF (jfp sfihb, svweIey, cOpeI sfihb) guirafeI dy kfibl nf smJIaF?
jF swc ieh hY ik siqgurF ny aMimRq iqafr krn smyN kyvl gurU grMQ sfihb dI hI
bfxI pVHI sI?
(ibprn kI rIq, Bfg pMjvF, pMnf 210)
gurU-bfxI aqy gurbfxI ?
hux qwk sfry ieiqhfskfr iehI ilKdy af rhy hn ik dsLmysL jI ny
Kdrfxy dI Zfb vflI jMg lVn qoN ipCNo ajoky pMjvyN qKLq dmdmf sfihb jI ivKy Tihr
ky, sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI bfxI ivc loVINdI soD kIqI aQvf nOvyN mhly dI bfxI
cfVH ky gurU gRMQ sfihb nUM Auh srUp idwqf ijs nUM afpxI QF gurU nfnk sfihb jI
dI guirafeI dI sdIvI mflkI sONpxI sI. ieh vI iliKaf imldf hY ik, ilKvfeI dI syvf
BfeI mnI isMG jI aqy bfbf dIp isMG jI dy ihwsy afeI sI. ies kQn dI pusLtI leI
vxgI mfqR gvfheIaF ies pRkfr hn:---
(1) aMimRqsr qoN Cpdf, sfry ivsLv ivc jfixaF jfx vfly pRiswD
mfsk pwqr NN sMq ispfhI NN dy PrvrI 1996 mhIny dy aMk dy 37 sPLy qy igafnI jIvn
isMG mfjrf dy lyK ivc ies pRkfr iliKaf hY-
jdoN anMdpur dI ngrI Cwz ky srbMsdfnI gurU goibMd isMG, isMGF
sUrimaF qy puwqrF nUM sLhId krvf ky sfbo kI qlvMzI, (dmdmf sfihb) pDfry AuhnF
afpxy mihlF qy BfeI mnI isMG jI nUM idwlI qoN afpxy pfs bulf ilaf aqy gurU
goibMd isMG jI vloN BfeI mnI isMG jI nUM gurU gRMQ sfihb nUM punr rUp dyx
leI ilKx dI syvf pr lfieaf, bfbf dIp isMG nUM BI AuhnF dy shfiek Qfp ky ies kfrj
nUM sMpUrn krn dI syvf bKLsLI .
(2)pRo: sfihb isMG zI
.ilt. dI pusqk NN jIvn-ibRqFq sRI gurU
goibMd isMG jINN dy 222 sPLy qy ieAuN iliKaf hY:---Nsfbo kI qlvMzI ivc siqgurU
jI phfVI ihMdU rfijaF dIaF eIrKf-BrIaF njLrF qoN dUr af cuky sn . sUbf srhMd BI
TMzf ho ky bih igaf sI . hux AunHF ny BI pihly gurU-ivakqIaF vFg iek bIV ilKx df
PYslf kIqf . BfeI mnI isMG jI idwlI qoN gur-mhlF dy nfl af ky qlvMzI hI itk gey
sn . ijvyN gurU arjn sfihb jI ny BfeI gurdfs jI nUM bfxI ilKx df kMm sONipaf sI
iqvyN gurU goibMd isMG jI ny BfeI mnIN isMG jI nUM ies kMm qy lfieaf N.
Bfv, dsLmysL jI ny EvyN hI afp bIV ilKvfeI ijvyN pMcm
pfqsLfh jI ny afid bIV ilKvfeI sI. Ausy pusqk dy 243 sPLy qy ivdvfn KojI
gurmuiK ipafry pRo: sfihb isMG jI dI ilKq ies pRkfr hY:--
hux afpxf dyhFq nyVy vyK ky 7 akqUbr (6 kwqk) nUM sRI gurU
goibMd isMG jI ny dIvfn sjfieaf . BrI sMgq dy sfhmxy hukm kIqf ik sLKLsI
guirafeI df islslf KLqm kIqf jFdf hY . hux sdf leI KLflsy ny gurU gRMQ sfihb nUM
gurU aqy ds gur-ivakqIaF df srUp mMnxf hY NN. spwsLt hY ik aMqm CuhF nfl iqafr
hoeI, dmdmf sfihb vflI bIV nUM hI guirafeI sONpI geI sI .
(3) ies scfeI qy qsdIkI mohr lfAuNidaF, gurmuiK ipafry z: BfeI
vIr isMG ny afpxI pusqk NN sRI klgLIDr cmqkfr NN(dUjf awD) dy 262 sPLy qy ieh
kuJ iliKaf hY :---eyQy hI (dmdmy sfihb) siqgurF ny sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI bIV
iqafr kIqI jo dmdmy vflI bIV dy nfm qy pRiswD hY . ieh bIV NNNN musqind
afKLrI bIV NN hoeI . afKLdy hn ik KLflsy dy dlF ivc ies df hI asvfrf cVHdf sI,
jo vzy GwlUGfry qk dlF dy aMg sMg sy . ipMz kUTflf irafsq mflyr kotlf dy iek
sLhIdI asQfn ivc iek bIV hY, ijs dI bfbq ikhf jFdf hY ik vzy GwlUGfry dy vyly
bfbf suwDf isMG jI dy jQy ny ieh bIV ies itkfxy itkfeI sI . ivsLysL leI dyKo
aKLbfr N KLflsf smfcfr NN qrIk 18 meI 1933 eI:, ijld 34 nMbr 25 pMnf 5 . ieh
rvfXq hY ik bfbf dIp isMG jI ny cfr Auqfry dsmy vflI bIV dy hor krfey sy, ienHF
qoN hI PLyr Auqfry hoey qy Cfpy ivc ieho musqind bIV pRivRq hoeI NN
{not: musqind arbI BfsLf ivcoN inkilaf hY ijs df arQ snd (dlIl)
vflf, pUry sbUq vflf} sInf-b-sInF qurI af rhI rvfXq qoN aqy iswK ieiqhfs nUM
suihrdqf nfl ivcfiraF, ibnf iksy sLwk dy XkIn bwJdf hY ik:--
(1)dmdmf sfihb ivKy ivcridaF dsLmysL jI ny sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb
jI dI bIV BfeI mnI isMG jI qoN EvyN hI iqafr krvfeI sI ijvyN pMcm pfiqsLfhI ny
BfeI gurdfs jI qoN krvfeI sI . Ausy bIV dy Gwto Gwt cfr Auqfry bfbf dIp isMG jI
ny kr ley sn .
(sMpfdkI not:-ieh gwl pUrI shI nhIN ik sfry ieiqhfskfr iehI
ilKdy hn ik gurU goibMd isMG jI ny pMjvyN qKLq dmdmy sfihb ivKy ipqf gurU qyg
bhfdr sfihb jI dI bfxI, gurU gRMQ sfihb ivc cVHvfeI sI. keI purfqn hwQ ilKq
bIVF, Kfs krky BfeI hirdfs vflI bIVH jo ik 1984 qoN pihlF isWK rYPrYNs lfiebryrI
ivc mOjUd sI aqy Bwt vhIaF dy aDfr qy ilKx vfly KojI krqf ies nUM anMdpur dy
dmdmy qy iliKaf mMndy hn. zf: idlgIr df vI iehI vIcfr hY, ieh qusIN isWK mfrg qy
BfeI mnI isMG vfly lyK ivc pVH skdy ho. myry kol iek igafnI grjf isMG dI ikqfb
hY jo ik Bwt bhIaF dy aDfr qy ilKI hoeI hY, Aus ivc ijLkr hY ik BfeI mnI isMG jI
ny ieh kMm 1678 ivc hI sLurU kr idWqf sI.
afXU pYNqI brs kI mnI isMG kI afie.
ilKy ilKfey poQIaF mn mih bhu Auqsfie. pMnF 24)
(2)ijvyN sRI gurU nfnk sfihb jI ny bfbf lihxf jI nUM guirafeI
sOp ky rUp vtfAux dI mrXfdf clfeI sI, sRI gurU goibMd isMG sfihb jI ny vI Auvy
hI dmdmf sihb ivKy ilKvfeI bIV nUM, nfdyV ivKy guirafeI sONpI sI . sB iswKx ko
hukm hY gurU mfinE gRMQ NN pMgqI pVHI jfx dI mrXfdf, pMQ ivc Ausy smyNN qoN hI
pRclq hY .
ies sB kuJ dI ivcfr qoN koeI sLwk nhIN rih jFdf ik KLflsf pMQ
nUM kyvl aqy kyvl Ausy bfxI dy lV lfieaf sI aQvf Ausy bfxI nUM afpxf gurU mMnx
df hukm hoieaf sI ijhVI (Dur kI bfxI) sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dy pfvn srUp ivc
aMkq hY . hor iksy vI bfxI nUM asIN afpxf gurU nhIN mMn skdy . ijs gurbfxI
awgy dsLmysL jI df pfvn sIs Juikaf sI kyvl AuhI bfxI dsLmysL jI dy QF sfzf gurU
prmysLr, afp nfrfiex klfDfr, prqwK hir, sB kuJ hY .
hux asIN ibbykqf nfl ies ivcfr nUM awgy qorIey :--
(Au)srb klf smrQ sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI mhfrfj jy cfhuMdy
qF afpxI mrjLI anusfr sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb df akfr vDf Gtf skdy sn,
(a)dmdmf sfihb ivKy dsLmysL jI nUM srkfr vloN hmly df koeI
KLqrf nhIN sI aqy AuQoN klgLIDr jI iksy mjbUrI kfrn nhIN sn qury sgoN AunHF ny
afpxI mOj ivc dwKx vl nUM cfly pfey sn . jy cfhuMdy qF Auh dmdmf sfihb hor smf
vI atk skdy sn.
(e) hr pwKoN smrQ siqgurF ny afpxI rcI bfxI ivcoN iewk
pMgqI vI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI bfxI ivc sLfml krky sdIvI guirafeI dI mflk
bnfAUxI dmunfsb nf smJI .
(s)KMzy bfty df aMimRq iqafr krky Aus dy Cky jfx nUM pMQ
leI bVf jLrUrI GosLq krn qoN iswD huMdf hY aMimRq qafr krn smyN pVHIaF geIaF
bfxIaF bfkI gurU bfxI nfloN Gwt mhwqqf vflIaF nhINN sn. iPr kI kfrn hY ik
dsLmysL jI ny Auh iqMn bfxIaF (jfp sfihb, sveIey, copeI) nUM guirafeI dy kfbl nf
smJIaF?
ajyhy sfry hflfq nUM muwK rwK ky iPr kI ieh smiJaf jfvy
ik--
(1)ik, (kiQq qOr qy) pqfsy pfAuxy Buwl jfx dI Bwl krn vFg hI
dsLmysL jI ieh iqMn bfxIaF vI sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI df ihwsf bxfAuxIaF Buwl gey
sn ?,
(2)ik jF AunHF ny afpxI ilKI koeI vI bfxI N ipAu dfdy dy KjLfny
NN ivc sLfml aQvf vZwky ipqf ipqfmf siqgurF dI bfxI dI brfbrI dy Xog nf smJI
?
(3)ik jF swc ieh hY ik siqgurF ny aMimRq iqafr krn smyN kyvl
gurU gRMQ sfihb dI hI bfxI pVHI sI ?
(h)sRI gurU nfnk sfihb jI qoN arMB hoeI prMprf anusfr, ijs
nUM siqgurF ny guirafeI df drjf nhIN idwqf, Aus bfxI nUM NN gurU bfxI NN df drjf
dyx df aiDkfr sfry simlq KLflsf pMQ kol vI kdy nhIN afieaf .
sLfied eyhI kfrn hY ik pMQk NN iswK rihq mrXfdf NN KrVy dy 11
sPLy qoN arMB hoey NN 4-- sfD sMgq ivc juV ky gurbfxI df aiBafs , isrlyK
NN gurdvfry --Bfg dy (h) pYry dI ilKq ies pRkfr hY---NN sRI gurU grMQ
sfihb jI dy vfkr (quwl) iksy pusqk nUM asQfpn nhIN krnf NN. Bfv, iksy hor
gRMQ nUM aQvf Aus dI bfxI nUM Aus siqkfr vflI pdvI pRfpq nhIN hY ijs (qKLq
cvr Cqr nfl ssLoBq gurU pdvI) dy sdIvI mflk, sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI hn .
dsm gurU gRMQ sfihb dI bfxI nUM Auh pdvI iksy vI dlIl nfl nhIN
sI iml skdI jo pdvI dsLmysL jI ny sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI bfxI nUM idwqI hY.
jLPrnfmf, akfl Ausqq afid NN pfvn bfxI, gurbfxI NN qF bysLwk mMnI jfvy pr
Auh gurU-bfxI nhIN ho skdI. kyvl gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI bfxI nUM hI
guirafeI sONp ky aqy afpxI rcI bfxI df ikqy sMkyq mfqR ijLkr vI nf krky,
aBuwl siqgurF ny koeI Buwl nhIN sI kIqI sgoN AunHF df spwsLt sMkyq hY ik KLflsf
jI sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb quwl iksy vI hor gRMQ nUM nf mMnx aqy sRI siqgurU gRMQ
sfihb jI dI (rwbI hukm rUp) pfvn bfxI quwl hor iksy vI bfxI nUM kdy mfnqf nf
dyx. ies sMkyq dy Ault ivhfr krnf dsLmysL jI dI jLfhrf hukm adUlI hY, aqy afpxy
siqgurF dI Bfvxf qoN AulRt qurnf guriswKI nhIN hY. iksy hukm qoNN awgy lMG qurnF
vI AuzI hI hukm-adUlI hY ijMnI ik iksy hukm nUM mMnx qoN nFh krnI. ijs bfxI
sMgRh dy sfhmxy apfr brqkqF vflf dsLmysL jI df sIs Juikaf aqy ijs NN hukmfAu NN
nUM klgLIaF vfly dsm pfqsLfh jI ny guirafeI sOpI, kyvl AuhI Dur kI bfxI NN
jgq gurU NN hY. idsLmysL jI ny afpxI bfxI, guirafeI dI pdvI dy Xog iks kfrn
nhIN smJI? ies bfry Auh afp jfnx. ies msly ivcfr krnI jF iksy iksm dI soD krnI
sfzf kMm nhIN hY. sfzy leI afdysL eyhI hY ik asIN kyvl gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI
bfxI dI hr pMgqI nUM afpxf gurU mMn ky siqkfr krdy hoey grU-bfxI qoN imldy hr
hukm dI sdf pflxf krdy rhIey.
dfs dI quwC buwDI anusfr, koeI vI bfxI (BfvyN ibnf iksy sLwk jF
sLMky dy dsLmysL jI dI hI ikrq hY,) iksy hflq ivc vI NN gurU bfxI NN nhIN
hY. guirafeI dy aDkfr vflI bfxI hI sfzf gurUU hY . sRI gurU nfnk pfqsLfh
jI ny guirafeI dy Xog aDkfrI mhFpurK nUM hI guirafeI sOpI sI. ies isDFq dI pflxf
dsLmysL jI qwk sfry gurU sfihbfn ny kIqI aqy sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI qwk guirafeI
Ausy hI isDFq anusrf puwjI. ies pwky isDFq qoN ibnf imlI guirafeI (ipRQI cMd,
DIr mwl, rfm rfey afid keIaF ny gurU hox df aYlfn kIqf pr ajyhy iksy gurU) dy
sfmxy iswK pMQ ny (kuJ aigafnI aqy BrmIaF qoN Cuwt) kdy sIs nhIN sI Jukfieaf.
hflF ik asF Au�wpr piVHaf hY ik rihq mrXfdf anusfr gurU gRMQ sfihb dy
quwl hor iksy vI gRMQ nUM siqkfr dyx dI afigaf nhIN hY iPr vI (kiQq qOr qy sRI
hjLUr sfihb smyq) keI QfeIN dsm gRMQ sfihb df pRkfsL krky aKMz pfT aqy sihj pfT,
AuvyN hI kIqy jf rhy hn, ijvyN iswK jgq, sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI pfvn bfxI dy kr
irhf hY. ieh sux ky hor vI hYrfnI huMdI hY ik (asLlIl arQF vflI bfxI nUM pfsy
Cwzky) hukm nfmyY vI EvyN hI ley jFdy hn ijvyN sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb qoN hukm lYx
dI pMQk mrXfdf hY. ieh dosL BfvyN ajy sImq adfiraF ivc hI prcwlq hoieaf hY pr
ies df sfry pMQ ivc PYl jfxf asMBv nhIN rihxf. cMzI dI vfr afid keI bfxIaF nUM
krfmfqI sLkqIaF vflIaF mn ky AunHF dy AucycI sLrDf nfl pfT krn dI mrXfdf qF keI
aMimRDfrI isMGF ny apxf leI hoeI hY . aqy
........ aqy iPr jd siqgurF qoN bfkfiedf
guirafeI sONpI jfx qoN ibnf hI asIN iksy bfxI nUM gurU mMinaF jf skdf hY, qF jd
iswKF ivcoN hI iPr koeI NN mnuwK NN gurU hox df aYlfn kr bYTdf hY qF Aus nUM
gurU mMn lYx vfly dosLI ikvyN rih gey?
hor vI gMBIrqf nfl ivcfrn vflf gurmiq pwK--
siqgurF dy inj PLurmfnF dy aDfr qy kyvl gurU gRMQ sfihb jI df
pfvn vjUd hI, Dur dI bfxI--Dur kI bfxI afeI ..{628}, aQvf pRBU
df hukm--hAu afphu boil n jfxdf mY kihaf sBu hukmfAu jIAu .. {763}
aQvf Ksm kI bfxI hY---jYsI mY afvY Ksm kI bfxI
... 1 ..{722} ies qoN vI spwsLt hY
ik pMQ dy vflI aQvf pMQ dy KLsm, kyvl sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb jI hI hn . hor iksy vI
bfxI qy sLrDf bxf bihxI kI---Ksmu Coiz dUjY lgy zuby sy vxjfiraf .. vflf
Bfxf vrq irhf hY. jy 3�� sfl ipCo vI ikqoN pqf lwg jfvy ik sfzf byVf pfr ies
krky nhIN lwg irhf, ikAuNik rwsf ipCy kMZy nfl bwj cuwkf hY, qF Aus rwsy nUM
Kohl lYxf nf nmosLI hY aqy nf hI koeI pfp hY.
gurbfxI dy pfvn sLbd ibnf sLwk dy iswD krdy hn ik dsLmysL jI ny
KMzy bfty dI pfhul iqafr krn smyN Aus nUM kyvl nfm aMimRq dI hI pfhul idwqI hY.
jy asIN isvfey gurU gRMQ sfihb jI dI bfxI dy dUjI iksy vI hor bfxI nUM gurU nhIN
mMndy qF iPr KMzy-bfty df aMimRq iqafr krn vflI pMQ dI srb-sRysLt mrXfdf ivc
pMjF ivcoN kyvl do bfxIaF afpxy siqgurU jI dIaF pVHIaF jfx ivc kI asIN afpxy
siqgurF dI Gor inrfdrI qF nhIN kr rhy huMdy ? ieh kfrf vI ikqy Ausy cpl-buwDI
ibwpR df hI qF nhIN ijhVf gurbfxI ivc rlf pfAux qoN aswPLl rih ky gurbxI dy
igafn qoN pMQ dI sLrDf iZwlI krn leI ieiqhfs nUM ivgfVn ivwc lwgf hoieaf sI ?
pMQ ivc nvIN qoN nvIN af rhI kmjLorI dy kfrnF ivc ikqy iewk ieh kfrn vI qF kMm
nhI kr irhf hY ? kI gurUgRMQ sfihb jI dI bfxI qoN Cuwt, iksy vI hor bfxI nUM
NN gurU bfxI NN Qfp bihx ivc siqgurF dI iksy swDr nUM jF AunHF dy lukvyN
iesLfry qoN pRfpq ho rhy iksy dYvI hukm dI AulM�xf qF nhIN kIqI jf rhI jI? pMQk
qOr qy sfry pwKF dI ivcfr kr lYxI mfVI gwl nhIN hY] jy 3�� sfl ipCo vI ikqoN pqf
lwg jfvy ik sfzf byVf pfr ies krky nhIN lwg irhf, ikAuNik rwsf ipCy kMZy nfl bwj
cuwkf hY, qF Aus rwsy nUM Kohl lYxf nf nmosLI hY aqy nf hI koeI pfp hY.
4-gurmuiK hir jIAu sdf iDafvhu jb lgu jIa prfn .. gur sbdI
mnu inrmlu hoaf cUkf min aiBmfnu .. sPlu jnmu iqsu pRfnI kyrf, hir kY nfim smfn
.. 1 .. myry mn gur kI isK suxIjY .. hir kf nfmu sdf suKdfqf shjy hir rsu pIjY
.. 1 .. rhfAu .. mUlu pCfxin iqn inj Gir vfsf shjy hI suKu hoeI .. gur kY sbid
kmlu prgfisaf hAumY durmiq KoeI .. sBnf mih eykY scu vrqY ivrlf bUJY koeI .. 2
.. gurmqI mnu inrmlu hoaf aMimRqu qqu vfKfnY .. hir kf nfmu sdf min visaf ivic
mn hI mnu mfnY .. sd bilhfrI gur apuny ivthu ijqu afqm rfmu pCfnY .. 3
..{1334}
---cldf
