(K) buwD avqfr :- buwD df arQ hY jfigaf hoieaf,
igafnvfl, AUc buwDI vflf. gOqm goqr ivc ÈfkX vMÈI rfjf suDodn dy Gr, afieaf
dyvI dy Audr qoN kipl ngrI dy luibnI bfg ivc bI[ sI[ 624 mfG sudI 15 ƒ buwD df
jnm hoieaf. ies mhfqmf dy isDfrQ, sfkXmunI aqy gOqm nfm BI hn. 19 sfl dI Aumr
ivc dMzpfxI dI puwqrI gopf nfl ivafh hoieaf. ijs qoN rfhul puwqr ny jnm ilaf.
iewk kmjor buwZf, iewk qVp irhf rogI aqy iewk murdf vyKx qoN vYrfg pYdf ho igaf.
aTfeI brs dI Aumr ivc sdIvIN suwK dI Bfl ivc GroN inkl ky sMinafsI bx igaf. ies
ny gXf (ibhfr) ivc iewk ipwpl hyT keI sfl iDafn prfiex ho ky ibqfey. ieQoN hI
ies ƒ boD (igafn) hox krky jfgRiq pRfpq hoeI. qd qoN buwD nfm pRiswD hoieaf.
buwD ny vYidk Drm dI QF afpxf nvF rfh aKiqafr kIqf nvF Drm clfieaf. buwD ny
mukiq mfrg dy awT sfDn dwsy jo ieh hn- (1) ÈuB ivÈvfs (2) ÈuwB ivcfr (3)
ÈuwB bolbfxI (4) ÈuwB krm (5) ÈuwB jIvn (6) ÈuwB koiÈÈ (7) ÈuwB icMqn (8)
ÈuwB iDafn. awsI brs dI Aumr Bog ky mhfqmf buwD df dyhFq hoieaf. mrn vyly afpxy
cyilaF ƒ cfr AupdyÈy idwqy, jo ieh hn - (1) ieMdrIaF ƒ kfbU ivc rwKxf (2)
afpxy afp ƒ jgfAuxf qy afpxI Kud pRIiKaf krdy rihxf (3) ijvyN jl qoN bixaf
icwkV jl nfl hI Doieaf jFdf hY, iqvyN mn dy ivkfr mn ƒ smJx nfl hI dUr hoxgy
(4) ijnHF df sMklp, vfxI, aqy ikRaf pivwqr hY, Auh sdf sFq aqy suKI rihMdy hn.
buwwD dy Drm dIaF do sfKF ho geIaF. iewk ‘‘hInXfn``, ijsdf pRcfr bRhmf, mlyÈIaf,
ÈRI lMkf. dUjf ‘‘mhfXn``, ijsdf pRcfr iqwbq, cIn aqy jfpfn ivc hY. ihMdU
mwq dy gRMQF ivc buwD ƒ ivȃ df nOvF avqfr iliKaf hY. (m: koÈ pMnf-882)
dUjI khfxI muqfbk mhfqmf buwD ƒ Dfrmk bulMdIaF CUhx vflf
mhFpurK jfxky bRfhmxF ny Ausƒ ivȃ df nOvF avqfr prvfn kr ilaf. buwD dy rUp
ivc ivȃ, dYNqF qy pfpI mnuwKF ƒ vydF dy AupdyÈ dI avwigaf krn, jfq pfq
qoVn, aqy rwb dI hoNd qoN munkr hox df AuqÈfh dyx leI aqy ies qrHF AuhnF df
afpxf hI Kfqmf krn leI pRgt hoey sn. (ihMdU imiQhfÈ koÈ pMnf -62)
ivcfr :- vYidk mwq vfilaF leI mhfqmf buwD bhuq
Kqrnfk sI. bfkI avqfr qF klipq ijhy, ibnF iksy ivcfrDfrf qoN sMsfr qy afey ivKf
idwqy. kuwJ smyN iewQy aYÈ pRsqI krky inwjI kfrnF vs jMg juwD lVky vfps cly
gey. mhfqmf buwD bfkI avqfrF nfloN iewk vwKrI lfsfnI, ieiqhfsk sKÈIaq sI. AuhnF
burfeIaF bRfhmxF vwloN PYlfeIaF hoeIaF vyKIaF pVHIaF AuhnF sB dy prKcy AuWzf
idwqy. sdIaF mgroN iksy AuWcI sKÈIaq vwloN bRfhmx vfdI soc dIaF jVHF qy ieh
kfrI vfr sI. AuhnF ny bRfhmx ƒ jfqI afDfr qy AuUcf mMnx qoN sfP ienkfr kr
idwqf. sfry iensfnF ivc bRfbrI vflf AupdyÈ BfrqI lokF ny pihlI vfr suixaf sI.
AuhnF ny aihMsf df BI pRcfr kIqf, pr awj ies ƒ glq rMgx dy ky buwD jI ƒ bdnfm
kIqf jf irhf hY. aKy ‘‘aihMsf prmo Drm dy pRcfr kfrn dyÈ gulfm hoieaf``.
ieh soc pfp BI hY, buwD dy syvk smrft aÈok ny inafkfrI qy PKrXog rfj sQfpq
kIqf. Bfrq dy kOmI JMzy ivc jo cwkr hY ieh aÈok vwloN idwqf igaf Drm cwkr hY.
Bfrq dyÈ dI jo srkfrI mohr AuWqy cfr Èyr AuWkry hoey hn (idsdy iqMn hn,
ikAuNik iewk Èyr ipCokV ivc hY) ieh BI mhfn ÈkqI df icMnH smrft aÈok ny hI
iqafr krvfieaf sI. ies mhfn rfjy ny Drm cwkr ƒ ÈyrF aqy sfhnF dy moiZaF qy
itkfieaf hoieaF dI mohr BI bxvfeI sI. Bfv sI ik rfj Drm qy afDfrq hovy. iksy nfl
ainaF nf hovy. sfry iensfn brfbr hox. ieh Drm ÈyrF aqy GoiVaF dy isr qy
itkfieaf igaf hY. Bfv hY ik ieh sohxy qfj agr sMBfl ky rwKxy hn qF Èyr vrgI
dlyrI aqy GoVy vrgI axQwk dOV jF qfkq. sfry arb mulkF ivc qlvfr aqy bfj srkfrI
mohrF aqy notF qy pRmuwKqf nfl Cipaf vyiKaf jf skdf hY. Bfv ik bfj dI Auzfn aqy
pMCIaF pur Jpt, dUroN vyKx dI smrwQf. qlvfr jF ikrpfn qF hY eI sfiraF hiQafrF df
muwZ, ÈkqI df kyNdr ibMdU. Bfrq dy krMsI notF qy Poto imlygI, nMgmnMgy gFDI dI
jF zFzI mfrc krdy pYdl lokF dI. kyvl ds rupY dy not AuWpr gYNzf, Èyr aqy hfQI
ivKfey hn. bfkI notF qy iksy qfkq df icMnH nhIN hY. Bfrq df rfÈtrI pMCI BI mor
hY. jo suMdr qF bVf hY pr ÈkqIhIx. hF nwcdf bVf sohxf hY kyvl mornIaF duafly.
sfzy mhfn BfrqI qF duÈmxF awgy BI sdIaF qwk nwcdy rhy hn. mhfqmf buuwD ny
aihMsf df AupdyÈ Aus rUp ivc idwqf sI ikAuNik bRfhmx lok Xwg dy nF qy axigxq
pÈUaF dI blI idMdy af rhy sn. hr smyN Kfxy ivc mfs sdI hI pRmuwKqf sI. ieQoN
qwk kukrm awgy vwD gey sn mnuwKF dI blI BI idwqI jFdI sI. kFÈI, ielfhfbfd,
hirdvfr aidk aKOqI Drm asQfnF qy mnuwK ƒ svrg df lflc dy ky mMqr pVH ky kql kr
idwqf jFdf sI. ivDvf aOrq ƒ ijAUx df koeI aiDkfr nhIN sI. Aus ƒ pqI dI icKf
ivc sfV ky mfr idwqf jFdf sI. iehnF duÈt krmF ivruwD mhfqmf buwD ny Ëordfr
afvfË AuTfeI. iehnF jfieË gwlF krnoN rokx vfsqy bRfhmxF vwloN buwD ƒ bdnfm
kIqf igaf. AuhnF ny bRfhmx dI AUcqf ƒ rwd kIqf. vydF ƒ rwbI ikrq mMnxoN ienkfr
kIqf. sgoN ieh pRcfiraf ik vyd, corF, TwgF aqy bdmfÈF dy ilKy hoey hn. ieh DrmI
purKF dy qF kdficq ilKy hoey nhIN hn. mYN iehnF ƒ hrigË nhIN mMnfgF (hvflf
pusqk-ihMdU Drm jF klMk? ky[ afr[ bflI) buwD ny avqfrF ƒ Kud nhIN mMinaf qy
Ausy ƒ avqfr bxf Diraf. awTvIN sdI ivc ÈMkrfcfrIaf vwloN anyk sfijÈF rc ky
boDIaF ƒ kucilaf igaf, mMdr Zfhy gey, Aus dy buwq qoVy gey. buwD dy joqI joq
smfAux dy QF ƒ klMkq iliKaf igaf. Ausy buwD ƒ ivȃ df avqfr BI grdfinaf
igaf. nfl ieh BI ilK mfiraf ik ivȃ ny iehnF ƒ jfqI pRbMD qoVn vfly bury bMdy
bxfieaf hY. nfsqk bxfieaf hY. vydF avqfrF ƒ nf mMnx vfly bxfieaf hY. iehnF
glqIaF krky afpxy afp hI Kqm ho jfx vfly bxfieaf hY.
sfry gurU grMQ sfihb ivc mhfqmf buwD dI rfeI mfqr alocnf nhIN
imlygI. hF ikqy kqfeIN AuhnF dy syvkF vwloN kIqIaF glqIaF df ËrUr iËkr kIqf
iml jfvygf, mfmUlI ijhf hI. pr bVy duwK nfl kihxf pYNdf hY ik iewk ieiqhfsk
mhFpurK dI suwcI ivcfrDfrf ƒ Bulfky, kfmI, kroDI, DoKybfj, inwjI kfrnF krky lV
mrn vfly aqy klipq dyvI dyviqaF dIaF khfxIaF iswK styjF qy KUb suxfeIaF jf rhIaF
hn. mhfqmf buwD vrgy mhFpurK df Buwl ky BI nfm nhIN ilaf jFdf. iehnF dy prAupkfr
dIaF anyk sfKIaF hn, koeI nhIN suxfeI jFdI. buwD jI df iewk hor slogn sI, Ërf
pVHo :-
buDmM srxMm gwCfmI. buwDIvfn bxn leI buwD dI Èrx ivc afAu.
DmMm srxMm gwCfmI. cMgy iensfn bxn leI buwD vwloN drsfey mfrg
qy clo.
sMGMm srxMm gwCfmI. jy Blf cfhuMdy ho qF eykqf dy sUqr ivc
proey rho.
mwD eyÈIaf dy iksy QF qoN ierfn af vsy lokF dy do DVy iewk
dUjy ƒ mfrn
lwgy. lgBg iqMn hËfr sfl pihlF iewk DVy df muwKI jrqusq bx igaf. jrqusq df DVf
ijwq igaf. hfiraF lokF dy toly Bfrq vwl plfien kr gey, jo bfd ivc ierfn qoN
afAux krky afrIan aKvfey. afpxy syvkF ƒ AupdyÈ dy ky sdf cyqfvnI rUp ivc Xfd
rwKx leI iliKaf sI - ‘‘qusIN dyvqy bdrUhF qoN pYdf hoey ho. Èrfb pINdy ho
qy hor nÈy vrqdy ho, iPr nIc kMm krdy ho. mYN apxy syvkF ƒ hukm idMdf hF ik
Auh dyviqaF ƒ sdf vfsqy iqafg dyx. ieh dyvqy JUTy hn, durfcfrI hn, Èrfrq dI
jVH hn. jo aqI ËihrIly hn, qbfhkfrI hn, qy sB qoN kmIxy hn``. (hvflf- jFbfj
rfKf, ey[ afr[ drÈI, pMnf-129)
mhfqmf buwD df ieh spÈt aYlfn sI ik aY Boly loko ! myry afKy
qy awKF bMd krky kdI ivÈvfs nf kirE. ieh gwl kdI mn ivc nf afAux idE ik mhfqmf
buwD ny afKI hY, TIk hI hovgI. qusIN afpxI akl nfl cMgI qrHF prK krnI hY jy dlIl
qy KrI Auqry qF svIkfr krnI hY. iesy qrHF hI vydF qy hor Drm grMQF ƒ prKxf hY
jy TIk lwgy qF mMnxf hY. iksy dy afKy jF Dfrmk dbfE hyT af ky avqfr dI gwl ƒ
kdI nhIN mMnxf. sfrI kfienfq pRmfqmf ny bxfeI hY, Aus dI rËf ivc cwl rhI hY.
sfry Aus iewko dy gux gf rhy hn, afid.
ByY ivic isD ‘‘buD`` sur nfQ.. BY
ivic afzfxy afkfs.. (464)
cAurfsIh isD, ‘‘buD`` qyqIs koit
muin jn, sB cfhih hir jIA qyro nfAu.. (669)
afKih eIsru afKih isD.. afKih kyqy kIqy
‘‘buD``.. (6)
kyqy ieMd cMd sUr kyqy, kyqy mMzl dys..
kyqy isD ‘‘buD`` nfQ kyqy, kyqy dyvI vys.. (7)
buwD ƒ cOvI avqfrF ivc Dwky nfl hI dfKl kIqf igaf sI. ies dI
Auqm iPlfsPI qy pivwqr ivcfrDfrf ƒ imwtI Gwty rolx vfsqy. ies qrHF krky aqy
awTvIN sdI ivc sMkrfcfrIaf vwloN XojnfbMd smUhk kql krky Bfrq ivwcoN buwD Drm
dIaF jVHF AuKfV idwqIaF geIaF.
(g) nfrd avqfr :- iewk irÈI jo bRhmf dy mwQy
ivcoN pYdf hoieaf. ivȃ purfx ivc iliKaf hY ik ieh kÈXp df puwqr sI. mhFBfrq
aqy hor keI grMQF ivc iliKaf hY, nfrd ny dkÈ dI isRÈtI rcnf ivc jd ivGn
pfieaf, qd dkÈ ny srfp dy idwqf ik jfh qUM iPr iksy iesqrI dy grB ivc jf ky
dubfrf jnm lY. ies srfp kfrn nfrd dy ipqf bRhmf ny dkÈ dy bhuq qrly kIqy. qd
dkÈ ny afpxf srfp nrm krky ieh mMn ilaf ik nfrd myrI (dkÈ dI) lVkI aqy bRhmf
dy sMjog qoN jnm lvy, iesy qrHF hoieaf. kihMdy ny ieh iewk vfrI pfqfl ivc BI
igaf AuQoN df hfl vyK ky bVf KuÈ hoieaf. ies df ikRÈn dI kQf nfl BI sbMD joVdy
hn. iesy ny kMs ƒ dwisaf sI ik dyvkI dy grB qoN jo lVkf pYdf hovygf, Auh ivȃ
df avqfr hY. Aus dy hwQoN qyrI mOq hovygI. iesy kfrn kMs ny dyvkI dy bwcy mfry.
iewk hor pusqk ivc iliKaf ik bRhmf ny puwqr nfrd ƒ ikhf ik ivafh krvf lY. nfrd
ny afiKaf ik myrf ipqf bRhmf JUTf gurU hY, mYN Aus df ikhf ikAuN mMnF. ikRÈn df
AupfÈk hoxf hI aslI BgqI hY. ies qoN guwsy ivc af ky bRhmf ny nfrd ƒ srfp dy
idwqf ik jfh quUM sdf Bog ivlfs ivc hI glqfn rhyNgf. nfrd ny moVvF vfr kridaF
bRhmf ƒ srfp idwqf ik quUM afpxI puwqrI ƒ BogyN. qyrI ieMnI bdnfmI hovy ik lok
qyrI pUjf nf krn. nfrd bfry ieh BI iliKaf imldf hY ik Auh iewDr AuWDr cuglI krky
JgVy krvf idMdf sI. iesy leI cugl jF PsfdI afdmI ƒ nfrd kih ky TwTf krdy hn.
(mhfn koÈ, pMnf-698)
ivcfr :- ihMdU grMQF muqfbk nfrd iewk avqfrI
purÈ hY. ies avqfrI purÈ ny DrqI Auqy ivcridaF koeI iewk nyk kMm kIqf hovy qF
ilK Byjxf. lyKk afAux vflI pusqk df aMg bxf lvygf. ‘‘kuPr kQf`` muqfbk bRhmf
aqy nfrd df afpsI klyÈ inwq hoieaf krdf sI. ipE puwqr iewk dUjy ivruwD srfp
rUpI agn bfx KUb Cwizaf krdy sn. jy idl kry qF srfp dI mfr Gtf vDf vI ilaf krdy
sn. hor vyKo ieh nfrd jI avqfr ƒ kfdr vwloN inÈicq kIqy qrIky, jnm lYx qoN BI
Èrm afeI. iesy leI iewk vfrI qF ieh mF dy grB rfhIN nf jMm ky iswDf hI bRhmf dy
mwQy ivcoN AuWg ipaf. vfh ikaf lf juafb ivigafnk kfZ hY, pOrfxk lyKkF dI. ies ƒ
ipAu bRhmy ny ikvyN pfilaf koeI ivsQfr nhIN hY. iewk hor grMQ dy muqfbk ieh kÈXp
df puwqr sI. ajIb Jmylf hY. awgy jf ky iliKaf hY ik nfrd ny dkÈ ƒ isRÈtI rcnf
krn qoN roikaf. jdoN ik keI grMQ kihMdy ny ik isRÈtI dI rcnf bRhmf ny kIqI hY.
afpxy nyk kMm ivc Kfhm Kfh tMg aVfAuNdf vyK dy dkÈ ny nfrd ƒ dubfrf jnm lYx df
srfp dy idwqf. pihlF vFg mwQy ivcoN nhIN. ies df mqlb ik mfqf dI kuwK rfhIN jnm
lYxf bhuq vwzf ‘‘pfp`` hY ? ies ihsfb qF sfrI isRÈtI dy kuwl jIv smyq
mnuwKF dy pfpI hI igxy jfxgy ?
ies qoN pihlF bRhmf ny afpxI iewk lVkI dkÈ ƒ idwqI sI.
iewQy ieh Xfd rhy ik purfxy grMQF ivc ivafh afid df ikqy ikqy hI iËkr imldf hY.
vrnf bhuqIaF lVkIaF iksy dUjy ƒ jdoN jIa cfhy sONp idwqIaF jFdIaF sn. bRhmf dI
bytI aqy dkÈ dy sMjog qoN KUbsUrq ds lVkIaF jnmIaF. iehnF ivcoN sB qoN suMdr qy
isafxI lVkI afpxy qy kIqf aihsfn cukfAux leI dkÈ ny afpxy shury bRhmf ƒ dy
idwqI, jo ik lVkI df nfnf lwgdf sI. bRhmf ny afpxI dohqI nfl sMjog kIqf qy srfp
pUrf krn vfsqy nfrd avqfr df jnm hoieaf. ies sqXuwg ivcoN awK dy Por ivc dvfpur
jF qRyqy ivc BI clf jFdf hY. ijnHF df ik lwKF sflF df Pfslf dwsIdf hY. jdoN idl
kry ieh dyvqy ikqy AuWpr svrg lok ivc cly jFdy hn qy jdoN DrqI qy sYr krn dI
iewCf jfgy DrqI qy af puwjdy hn. ikRÈn dIaF Cy BYxF ƒ BI iesy nfrd ny cuglI lf
ky kMs qoN mrvfieaf sI. awgoN iewk vfrI ipqf bRhmf ny puwqr nfrd ƒ ivafh krvf
lYx dI slfh idwqI. nfrd ny afpxy afp ƒ sB qoN suMdr jfxky ivȃ afid dIaF
pqnIaF ƒ hI psMd krn dI koiÈÈ dIqI. bRhmf kol iÈkfieq hoeI qF ies ƒ bMdr
mUMhF hox df srfp imilaf aqy nfl hI ikhf igaf ik qUM sdf qIvIaF df gulfm
hovyNgf. ies ny bdly ivc afpxy ipqf bRhmf ƒ srfp Tok idwqf ik jfh quUM JUTf
gurU hYN. awgy qoN qyrI koeI pUjf nhIN krygf. qUM afpxI bytI ƒ Bogx df pfp
kryN, qyrI ieMnI bdnfmI hovy ikqy mUMh ivKfx jogf nf rhyN. iesy qrHF hoieaf sfry
Bfrq ivc rfjsQfn dy kyvl puskr vfly sQfn qy bRhmf df mMdr qy mUrqI bxf ky pUjf
kIqI jFdI hY. hor iksy QF BI pUjf nhIN huMdI. kihx ƒ bRhmf isRÈtI df rcyqf pr
afpxy nflfiek puwqr hwQoN Kuafr huMdf irhf, srfp kfrn duwK Bogdf irhf. pUjf qoN
vFJf kr idwqf igaf. stfr inAUË tI[ vI[ cYnl qy 5 akqUbr 2005 ƒ ivKfieaf jf
irhf sI ik dunIaf ƒ bxfAux vfly Bgvfn bRhmf jI df iewko iewk Gr jo puÈkr dy
sQfn qy hY ZihMdf jf irhf hY. keI QfvF qy qRyVF pft geIaF hn. ivcfry Bgvfn bRhmf
jI dI mUrqI tuwt geI hY. ihMdU ivÈvfs muqfbk tuwtI (KMizq) mUrqI dI pUjf nhIN
ho skdI. ieh ny aKOqI Drm grMQF dIaF ‘‘pivwqr`` khfxIaF. jo awj BI ihMdU sfD
afpxI jMqf df kilafx krn vfsqy hr roË dIvfnF ivc aqy tI[ vI[ cYnlF qy suxfAuNdy
hn. jy lyKk ƒ iksy kfrn nfrd dy ‘‘Aupkfr`` nf lwBy hox qF qusIN lwBx dI koiÈÈ
ËrUr kirE. qF ik ivcfry ihMdusqfnI lokF df lok pRlok sMvr jfvy. ihMdU lok sdIaF
qwk bypwqI gulfmI ivc iËwlq BrI nrkI iËMdgI bqIq krdy rhy. nfrd ny iksy duÈmx
ƒ kdy srfp dy ky Bsm nf kIqf. apxy lokF dy gloN gulfmI nf lfhI.
sB qoN iËafdf duwKdfeI pihlU qF ieh hY ik iehnF ‘‘kuPr
kQfvF`` ƒ gurU grMQ sfihb dI hËUrI ivc jfhl qy mUrK lok (aKOqI sMq, bRhm
igafnI) bVI ZITqfeI nfl suxf suxf ky iswK sMgqF ƒ AuWlU bxfeI jf rhy hn. afm
iswK gurbfxI igafn qoN korf hY. jo kUVf qy kcrf ieh icwty kwiCaF qy nMgIaF
lwqf vfly ‘‘mhFpurK`` suxf jFdy hn, sMgqF pRsfid smJ ky pRvfn kr lYNdIaF hn.
gurbfxI ivc iehnF dyvI dyviqaF qy avqfrF df KUb mwkU Twipaf igaf hY. prmfxF dy
drÈn kro -
